Contrasting effects of feature-based statistics on the categorisation and basic-level identification of visual objects.
Contrasting effects of feature-based statistics on the categorisation and basic-level identification of visual objects.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2011.11.001
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发表时间：
2012-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Tyler LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taylor KI;Devereux BJ;Acres K;Randall B;Tyler LK
概念表征是我们精神生活的核心，涉及认知功能的各个方面。尽管它们的中心地位，一个长期存在的辩论仍然是如何表示和处理的概念的含义。许多解释都认为具体概念的意义是由它们各自的特征来表示的，但对不同的基于特征的变量的重要性存在分歧：一些观点强调概念加工中区别性特征所携带的信息的重要性，另一些观点强调许多概念所共有的特征，还有一些观点强调特征共同出现的程度。我们认为，以前不同的理论立场和实验结果可以统一的帐户，声称任务的需求决定如何处理的概念，除了功能的独特性和共现的影响。我们测试了这些预测的基本水平命名任务，依赖于独特的特征信息（实验1）和域决策任务，依赖于共享的特征信息（实验2）。两者都使用了具有相同视觉对象的大规模回归设计，以及将参与者，会话，刺激相关和特征统计变量结合起来的混合效应模型来模拟性能。我们发现，相对于共享特征，具有相对更多独特性和更高相关性的概念有助于基本级别的命名延迟，而相对于独特特征，具有相对更多共享性和更高相关性的概念加速了域决策。这些发现表明，特征统计的独特性（共享与独特）和相关强度，以及任务的要求，决定了如何在概念系统中的概念意义的处理。
Conceptual representations are at the heart of our mental lives, involved in every aspect of cognitive functioning. Despite their centrality, a long-standing debate persists as to how the meanings of concepts are represented and processed. Many accounts agree that the meanings of concrete concepts are represented by their individual features, but disagree about the importance of different feature-based variables: some views stress the importance of the information carried by distinctive features in conceptual processing, others the features which are shared over many concepts, and still others the extent to which features co-occur. We suggest that previously disparate theoretical positions and experimental findings can be unified by an account which claims that task demands determine how concepts are processed in addition to the effects of feature distinctiveness and co-occurrence. We tested these predictions in a basic-level naming task which relies on distinctive feature information (Experiment 1) and a domain decision task which relies on shared feature information (Experiment 2). Both used large-scale regression designs with the same visual objects, and mixed-effects models incorporating participant, session, stimulus-related and feature statistic variables to model the performance. We found that concepts with relatively more distinctive and more highly correlated distinctive relative to shared features facilitated basic-level naming latencies, while concepts with relatively more shared and more highly correlated shared relative to distinctive features speeded domain decisions. These findings demonstrate that the feature statistics of distinctiveness (shared vs. distinctive) and correlational strength, as well as the task demands, determine how concept meaning is processed in the conceptual system.
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
DELL, GS
通讯作者：
DELL, GS
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Hamilton, M;Geraci, L
通讯作者：
Geraci, L
DOI：
10.1037/h0087323
发表时间：
1999-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
McRae, K;Cree, GS;De Sa, VR
通讯作者：
De Sa, VR
DOI：
10.3758/bf03195503
发表时间：
2003-02-01
期刊：
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Forster, KI;Forster, JC
通讯作者：
Forster, JC
DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5371(84)90170-1
发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF VERBAL LEARNING AND VERBAL BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
MALT, BC;SMITH, EE
通讯作者：
SMITH, EE