Air temperature and humidity during the solar eclipses of 26 December 2019 and of 21 June 2020 in Saudi Arabia and in other eclipses with similar environments
Air temperature and humidity during the solar eclipses of 26 December 2019 and of 21 June 2020 in Saudi Arabia and in other eclipses with similar environments
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沙特阿拉伯2019年12月26日和2020年6月21日日食期间以及类似环境的其他日食期间的气温和湿度
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. A. Al
中科院分区：
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作者：
M. A. Peñaloza;A. Elmhamdi;J. Pasachoff;M. Roman;Yu Liu;Z. A. Al;A. Maghrabi;H. A. Al
我们报告了2019年12月26日和2020年6月21日在沙特阿拉伯胡富夫市和利雅得市发生的两次日食期间的空气温度和湿度变化。在12月的日食中，太阳升起时已经有日食（覆盖面积的91.53%），而6月的日食，虽然在阿拉伯半岛的其他地方也是环状的，但在利雅得只是部分（覆盖面积的72.80%）。这一差异明显影响了两个事件对温度、相对湿度（RH）和蒸汽压（VP）记录变量的观测响应。这些变量的变化在第一次日食中没有被注意到，因为它在一天的自然变化范围内；另一方面，它们明显表现出一些趋势变化，我们对此进行分析和讨论。利雅得的气温下降了3.2°C；然而，RH和VP表现出一种振荡，我们用在其他日食中报道的类似效应来解释。我们发现，从这个城市的日食中心相位开始，有大约15分钟的时间差。我们从计算的温度和相对湿度的时间变化率中检查了相关的波动和动态。为了确定日食在类似环境中的影响，我们与在近东、北非和美国对这些变量的其他观测结果进行了广泛的相互比较。我们将我们的结果与其他研究12月日食的作者的结果进行了比较，但在阿拉伯联合酋长国和阿曼，结果不同。这些相互比较表明，在沙漠环境和其他类似环境中，低层大气对日食的反应是多么有效。作为序言，还包括在日食气象学的背景下对温度和湿度的历史修订。
We report air temperature and humidity changes during the two solar eclipses of 26 December 2019, and of 21 June 2020, respectively, in the cities of Al-Hofuf and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia. During the December eclipse the Sun rose already eclipsed (91.53% of the area covered) while the June eclipse, although also annular in other places of the Arabian Peninsula, was just partial at Riyadh (area covered 72.80%). This difference apparently affected the observed response on the recorded variables of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and vapor pressure (VP) in the two events. Change in these variables went unnoticed for the first eclipse since it was within the natural variability of the day; yet for the other, they showed clearly some trend alterations, which we analyze and discuss. A decrease in temperature of 3.2 °C was detected in Riyadh; however, RH and VP showed an oscillation that we explain in the light of a similar effect reported in other eclipses. We found a time lag of about 15 min measured from the eclipse central phase in this city. We made an inspection of related fluctuations and dynamics from the computed rates of the temporal variation of temperature and RH. Trying to identify the influence of solar eclipses in similar environments we have made a broad inter-comparison with other observations of these variables in the Near East, northern Africa and in the United States. We compare our results with results obtained by other authors working with the December eclipse but in the United Arab Emirates and Oman, which showed dissimilar results. These inter-comparisons show how effectively the lower atmosphere can respond to a solar eclipse within a desert environment and others similar. As a preamble, a historical revision of temperature and humidity in the context of eclipse meteorology is also included.