Motivation and Behavioral Regulation of Physical Activity in Middle School Students.
Motivation and Behavioral Regulation of Physical Activity in Middle School Students.
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000000616
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Pate RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dishman RK;McIver KL;Dowda M;Saunders RP;Pate RR
研究内在动机和行为自我调节是否与中学期间的身体活动有关。结构方程模型应用于自决理论的横向和纵向检验。与理论一致，变量之间的假设关系得到了支持。综合调节和内在动机与加速度计测量的中度至剧烈身体活动密切相关。结果独立于生物成熟度的测量。测量的结构有效性和等效性在六年级和七年级之间以及男孩和女孩、非西班牙裔黑人和白人儿童以及超重和正常体重学生之间得到了纵向证实。自主动机（识别的、综合的和内在的）的测量与七年级的体育活动的相关性比受控动机（外部的和内射的）的测量更密切，这意味着对于一些女孩和男孩来说，随着他们进入中学，体育活动变得更加内在的动机。尽管如此，内射调节与七年级的体育活动有关，这表明可能不利于持续活动和福祉的内在社会压力也变得具有激励作用。这些结果鼓励在儿童和青少年时期进行更长期的前瞻性研究，以阐明体力活动的受控和自主动机如何发展，以及它们是否对旨在增加体力活动的干预措施产生反应。
To examine whether intrinsic motivation and behavioral self-regulation are related to physical activity during middle school. Structural equation modeling was applied in cross-sectional and longitudinal tests of self-determination theory. Consistent with theory, hypothesized relationships among variables were supported. Integrated regulation and intrinsic motivation were most strongly correlated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity measured by an accelerometer. Results were independent of a measure of biological maturity. Construct validity and equivalence of measures was confirmed longitudinally between 6th and 7th grades and between boys and girls, non-Hispanic black and white children and overweight and normal weight students. Measures of autonomous motivation (identified, integrated, and intrinsic) were more strongly related to physical activity in the 7th grade than measures of controlled motivation (external and introjected), implying that physical activity became more intrinsically motivating for some girls and boys as they moved through middle school. Nonetheless, introjected regulation was related to physical activity in 7th grade, suggesting that internalized social pressures, which can be detrimental to sustained activity and well-being, also became motivating. These results encourage longer prospective studies during childhood and adolescence to clarify how controlled and autonomous motivations for physical activity develop and whether they respond to interventions designed to increase physical activity.