Evaluating the construct validity of psychopathy in black and white male inmates: three preliminary studies.
Evaluating the construct validity of psychopathy in black and white male inmates: three preliminary studies.
复制标题
评估黑人和白人男性囚犯精神病的结构效度：三项初步研究。
DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.99.3.250
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Newman,JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kosson,DS;Smith,SS;Newman,JP
尽管黑人囚犯几乎占美国监狱人口的一半，并已被纳入几项关于精神病的研究，但迄今为止似乎还没有发表过关于黑人囚犯精神病概念的有效性的研究。使用黑尔精神病检查表(PCL)对黑人男性囚犯进行了三项研究，以评估该结构的有效性。在研究1中，我们考察了PCL的内部结构以及检查表分数与几个与精神变态有关的结构的关系。我们观察到黑人和白人在精神变态得分的分布、精神变态与冲动测量的关系以及PCL潜在因素结构的一致性方面存在差异。在研究2中，黑人精神病患者表现出一种被动回避缺陷的模式，与纽曼和科森的研究中报告的白人精神病患者的模式相似，但不完全相同。研究3表明，两个种族的精神病患者都比非精神病患者在更广泛的犯罪类别中受到更多的刑事指控。心理变态的概念似乎暂时适用于黑人，尽管其组成部分可能与白人略有不同。
Although Black inmates represent almost half the population of United States prisons and have been included in several studies of psychopathy, there appear to be no published studies to date addressing the validity of the psychopathy construct in Black inmates. Three studies were conducted to assess the validity of the construct in Black male inmates using Hare's Psychopathy Checklist (PCL). In Study 1, we examined the internal structure of the PCL and the relation of checklist scores to several constructs relevant to psychopathy. We observed differences between Blacks and Whites in the distribution of psychopathy scores, in the relation of psychopathy to measures of impulsivity, and in the congruence of the underlying factor structure of the PCL. In Study 2, Black psychopaths were found to manifest a pattern of passive avoidance deficits similar but not identical to that reported for White psychopaths in Newman and Kosson's study. Study 3 demonstrated that psychopaths of both races receive more criminal charges in a wider variety of offense categories than do nonpsychopaths. The psychopathy construct appears tentatively applicable to Blacks, although its components may be somewhat different than for Whites.