Fission yeast ATF/CREB family protein Atf21 plays important roles in production of normal spores
Fission yeast ATF/CREB family protein Atf21 plays important roles in production of normal spores
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2443.2010.01480.x
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Ohta, Kunihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morita, Tomohiko;Yamada, Takatomi;Ohta, Kunihiro
转录激活因子/cAMP反应元件结合蛋白（ATF/CREB）家族转录因子在维持细胞内稳态中起着重要作用。它们响应于环境刺激而被激活，与应激反应基因启动子中的CRE序列结合并调节转录。虽然ATF/CREB蛋白在大多数真核生物中广泛保守，但其特征高度多样。在这里，我们研究了裂殖酵母ATF/CREB蛋白Atf 21的功能，以找出其独特的性质。我们发现，Atf 21是自适应反应的几个压力，如氮饥饿和减数分裂事件，包括核分裂。然而，来自atf 21 Delta突变体的孢子不如野生型成熟，并且在营养丰富的条件下不能形成菌落。此外，我们表明，Atf 21蛋白，这是稀缺的减数分裂早期，逐渐积累减数分裂进行，它达到最高水平约8小时后，氮饥饿，并存在于萌发过程中。这些结果表明，Atf 21的表达和功能后，氮饥饿很长时间。鉴于其他良好的特点裂变酵母ATF/CREB蛋白Atf 1和Pcr 1积累和功能迅速暴露于环境应力后，我们建议Atf 21是一个独特的成员ATF/CREB家族的裂变酵母。
Activating transcription factor/cAMP response element binding protein (ATF/CREB) family transcription factors play central roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis. They are activated in response to environmental stimuli, bind to CRE sequences in the promoters of stress-response genes and regulate transcription. Although ATF/CREB proteins are widely conserved among most eukaryotes, their characteristics are highly diverse. Here, we investigated the functions of a fission yeast ATF/CREB protein Atf21 to find out its unique properties. We show that Atf21 is dispensable for the adaptive response to several stresses such as nitrogen starvation and for meiotic events including nuclear divisions. However, spores derived from atf21 Delta mutants are not as mature as wild-type ones and are unable to form colonies under nutrition-rich conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Atf21 protein, which is scarce in early meiosis, gradually accumulates as meiosis proceeds; it reaches maximum levels approximately 8 h after nitrogen starvation and is present during germination. These results suggest that Atf21 is expressed and functions long after nitrogen starvation. Given that other well-characterized fission yeast ATF/CREB proteins Atf1 and Pcr1 accumulate and function promptly upon exposure to environmental stresses, we propose that Atf21 is a distinct member of the ATF/CREB family in fission yeast.