Cardiac-respiratory-somatic relationships and feedback effects in a multiple session heart rate control experiment.
Cardiac-respiratory-somatic relationships and feedback effects in a multiple session heart rate control experiment.
复制标题
多次心率控制实验中的心脏-呼吸-躯体关系和反馈效应。
作者：
R. Levenson
进行了一项实验，解决人类受试者操作中几个未解决的问题。心脏与呼吸的关系。心体重整。：atl~}nshipls。生物反馈的影响以及个体差异在多个训练课程中进行了检查。 30名受试者参加了3次培训。每个疗程以“没有反馈的试验心率变化”开始，随后进行 8 个有“比例”心率反馈的试验。01'1 一半的试验尝试降低心率，而另一半则尝试增加心率。指示 Sulbjeds 保持呼吸频率 (RR) 恒定，不要进行过度的运动或肌肉活动。结果表明，受试者能够从基线水平产生显着的心率增加和减少，但这些变化伴随着在整个疗程中持续存在的呼吸和躯体变量的平行变化。对个体数据的分析是...... ·f"' ..... ",.! 来探索心脏-呼吸-躯体的个体差异的本质。生物反馈的影响并不显着，表明心脏控制、反馈和心脏-躯体模式在治疗过程中保持稳定。描述：操作条件反射、心率、呼吸、心体关系。生物反馈，个体差异。尽管在动物心脏反应的操作条件反射研究中出现了困难（Miller & Dworkin. 1974）。以人类为对象的这种性质的研究仍在继续。人类研究虽然不太可能明确回答是否存在的问题。 “纯粹的”心脏反应可以被操作性地调节，有可能回答许多有关自主神经和中枢过程之间关系的问题。尽管存在大量的人类研究，但许多基本问题仍然没有得到解答。在最近对心脏功能的操作性调节的回顾中，McCanne和Sandman（1976）确定了几个需要进一步研究的领域，包括：
An experiment addressing several unresolved issues in operant in human subjects was performed. Cardiac-respiratory relationships. cardiac-somatic re!:atl~}nshipls. effects of biofeedback, and individual differences were examined in terms of their across multiple training sessions. Thirty subjects participated in 3 training sessions. Each session began with" trials HR change without feedback followed by 8 trials with "proportional" feedback of HR. 01'1 half the trials HR decrease was attempted while HR increase was attempted on the other half. Sulbjeds instructed to keep their respiration rate (RR) constant and not to engage in undue movement or muscle activity. Results indicated that subjects were able to produce significant HR increases and decreases from baseline levels, but these changes were accompanied by parallel changes in respiratory and somatic variables which persisted across sessions. Analysis of data from individual was ..... ·f"' ..... ",.! to explore the nature of Individual differences in cardlac-respiratory-somatic The el'ects of biofeedback were unimpressive, suggesting at best a minor improvement in cardiac control with increased respiratory concomitance. Cardiac control, feedback and cardiac-somatic patterns were stable over sessions. There was evidence of some reduction In If'lu'riiIU·.ifl!'<!nill'·llItl'I!"V parallelism across sessions. DESCRIPTORS: Operant conditioning, Heart rate, Respiration, Cardiac-somatic rel.aUon!ihil~. Biofeedback, Individual differences. In spite of difficulties which have surfaced with research on operant conditioning of cardiac re sponses in animals (Miller & Dworkin. 1974). re search of this nature with human subjects has con tinued. Human research, although unlikely to an swer definitively the question of whether a . 'pure " cardiac response can be operantly conditioned, has potential for answering a number of questions con cerning the relationship between autonomic and central processes. Although a large body of human research exists, many basic questions remain unan swered. In a recent review of operant conditioning of cardiac functions, McCanne and Sandman (1976) identified several areas in need of further research induding: the precise nature of the relationship of