Family and Other Unpaid Caregivers and Older Adults with and without Dementia and Disability
Family and Other Unpaid Caregivers and Older Adults with and without Dementia and Disability
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DOI：
10.1111/jgs.14910
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Fried, Terri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Riffin, Catherine;Van Ness, Peter H.;Fried, Terri
目的估计向患有和不患有痴呆症以及有或没有严重残疾的社区老年人提供帮助的照顾者的人数；描述这些群体中照顾者和照顾者的特征；描述照顾者提供的与健康有关的任务；并估计任务数量与照顾者负担之间的关系。设计对美国照顾者和老年人的全国代表性调查。设置2011年国家健康和老龄化趋势研究和国家照护研究。参与者社区居住的老年人和他们的家庭照顾者，他们是根据帮助行动、自我照顾、家庭活动、交通或医疗任务而选择的。测量照顾者负担(情感、身体、经济困难)和对社会参与的限制。结果尽管患有痴呆症和残疾(98.4%，n=100万)和痴呆症(95.5%，n=100万)的老年人比例要大得多，但没有残疾130万人)获得照料援助，接受援助的绝对人数最多的是没有痴呆症或残疾的老年人(400万人)。在每个照顾者群体中，照顾者在日常生活活动和与日常生活相关的工具性活动(98%)、卫生系统后勤(70%)和健康管理(50%)领域至少提供一项任务。在几乎所有照顾者群体和援助领域中，提供的任务数量与负担风险之间存在显著的线性关联。结论非痴呆症或残疾的照顾者的照顾者是帮助者的最大绝对数量。这些照顾者类似于患有痴呆症或残疾的照顾者的照顾者，提供与健康有关的广泛任务，并经历照顾者负担和社会参与限制。调查结果支持需要采取干预措施，满足通常不被定义为高风险的照顾者的需求。
ObjectivesTo estimate the number of caregivers providing assistance to community-dwelling older persons with and without dementia and with or without substantial disability; to describe the characteristics of caregivers and care recipients in these groups; to characterize the health-related tasks that caregivers provide; and to estimate associations between the numbers of tasks and caregiver burden.DesignNationally representative surveys of caregivers and older adults in the United States.Setting2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving.ParticipantsCommunity-dwelling older adults and their family caregivers, who were selected on the basis of having assisted with mobility, self-care, household activities, transportation, or medical tasks.MeasurementsCaregiver burden (emotional, physical, financial difficulties) and restrictions on social participation.ResultsAlthough much larger proportions of older adults with dementia and disability (98.4%, n = 1.0 million) and dementia but not disability (95.5%, n = 1.3 million) received caregiving assistance, the largest absolute number of individuals receiving assistance were older adults without dementia or disability (4.0 million). Within each caregiver group, caregivers provided assistance with at least one task across domains of activity of daily living and instrumental activity of daily living-related assistance (>98%), health systems logistics (>70%), and health management (>50%). There was a significant linear association between number of tasks provided and risk of burden in virtually all caregiver groups and domains of assistance.ConclusionCaregivers of care recipients without dementia or disability accounted for the largest absolute number of helpers. These caregivers, similar to caregivers of care recipients with dementia or disability, delivered a broad spectrum of health-related tasks and experienced caregiver burden and restrictions on social participation. Findings support the need for interventions that address the needs of caregivers who have not typically been defined as high risk.