The Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones
The Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones
复制标题
可再生能源禁区的财务和环境后果
DOI：
10.1007/s10640-022-00749-z
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Delafield G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delafield G
随着各国的脱碳，能源生产、自然保护和粮食生产之间对土地的竞争可能会增加。为了解决这个问题，模型，有时能源政策，使用禁区来限制能源部署从土地被认为是重要的社会。本文应用空间上明确的ADVENT-NEV模型，以英国的能源系统，以确定成本时，无论是环境或食品生产禁区的应用。结果表明，禁区对太阳能、风能和生物能源途径的成本分别高达6.3亿英镑（B）、19.17英镑B和1.33英镑B。这些费用表明了保护这些土地的价值。当对生物能源实行多重排除时，高途径是不可行的，这表明可能需要采取更灵活的方法来实现净零目标。该模型还显示了生态系统服务的价值如何变化时，禁区的应用，突出了一些排除如何增加非市场成本，而其他人则减少它们。在一些情况下，禁区增加了社会成本，与其预期用途相反。为了使这些排除是合理的，从模型中缺失的未观测值必须与这些增加一样大。
As countries decarbonise, the competition for land between energy generation, nature conservation and food production will likely increase. To counter this, modelling, and sometimes energy policies, use exclusion zones to restrict energy deployment from land deemed as important to society. This paper applies the spatially-explicit ADVENT-NEV model to Great Britain to determine the cost imposed on the energy system when either environmental or food production exclusion zones are applied. Results show that exclusion zones impose a cost of up to £0.63 billion (B), £19.17 B and £1.33 B for the solar, wind, and bioenergy pathways. These costs give an indication of the value being placed on protecting these areas of land. When multiple exclusions are imposed on bioenergy, the high pathway is infeasible indicating a more flexible approach may be needed to meet net zero ambitions. The model also shows how the value of ecosystem services changes when exclusion zones are applied, highlighting how some exclusions increase non-market costs whereas others decrease them. In several cases exclusion zones are shown to increase social costs, the opposite of their intended use. For these exclusions to be justifiable, the unobserved values missing from the model must be as large as these increases.