Pollen dispersal from two field trials of transgenic cotton in the Namoi Valley, Australia
Pollen dispersal from two field trials of transgenic cotton in the Namoi Valley, Australia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/bf00441430
复制
发表时间：
1996-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Fitt, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Llewellyn, D;Fitt, G
在田间对转基因作物进行测试是验证转基因作物品种的必要部分，但在测试的早期阶段，必须仔细监测生物安全程序，以确保转基因作物不会对环境造成有害影响。这项研究进行了两个季节，以确定在澳大利亚环境条件下遏制措施的有效性，方法是测量转基因棉花试验田的花粉散布到周围非转基因棉花植株的缓冲区中的情况，这些非转基因棉花植株的功能是充当由取食花蜜和采集花粉的昆虫携带的花粉的水槽。通过测量显性可选择标记转基因新霉素磷酸转移酶(NptII)在缓冲植物后代中的频率来估计扩散。用灵敏的放射性酶分析法检测nptii的存在。花粉扩散在两年中都很低，但在第二年随着源地面积的增加而增加。第一年，在距试验地1m处的平均后代比例为0.15%，而在距试验地4m处的平均比例在0.08%以下。中央试验区异交频率最高，在紧邻转基因植株的非转基因对照植株的后代中，转基因后代的频率在第二年平均从1m处的0.4%下降到16m处的0.03%以下。这些结果表明，20米的缓冲区将限制来自小规模田间试验的转基因花粉的传播。
The testing of transgenic crops in the field is a necessary part of the validation of genetically engineered cultivars, but in the early stages of testing, biosafety procedures must be carefully monitored to ensure that the modified plants do not have deleterious effects on the environment. This study was carried out over two seasons to determine the effectiveness of containment procedures under australian environmental conditions by measuring the dispersal of pollen away from a test plot of transgenic cotton into a surrounding buffer field of non-transgenic cotton plants whose function was to act as a sink for pollen carried by nectar feeding and pollen-gathering insects. Dispersal was estimated by measuring the frequency of the dominant selectable marker transgene, neomycin phosphotransferase (NptII) in the progeny of the buffer plants. The presence of nptii was determined by a sensitive radioactive enzyme assay. Pollen dispersal was low in both years, but increased with an increase in the size of the source plot in the second year. In the first year outcrossing averaged from 0.15% of progeny at 1 m to below 0.08% at 4 m from the test plot. Outcrossing was highest within the central test plot where progeny from non-transgenic control plants, immediately adjacent to transgenic plants, had transgenic progeny at frequencies of up to 1.7% In the second year declined on average from 0.4% at 1 m to below 0.03% at 16 m into the buffer zone. These results indicate that 20 m buffer zones would serve to limit dispersal of transgenic pollen from small-scale field tests.