Assessment of linguistic and verbal short-term memory components of language abilities in aphasia
Assessment of linguistic and verbal short-term memory components of language abilities in aphasia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jneuroling.2018.02.006
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kalinyak-Fliszar, Michelene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, Nadine;Minkina, Irene;Kalinyak-Fliszar, Michelene
目前的一些失语症模型强调短期记忆在语言处理中的作用，并提出失语症中的语言损伤涉及在支持单个单词和多个单词任务（包括言语广度任务）所需的时间段内激活和维持单词表征的认知过程的损伤。本文报告了来自39名失语症患者和16名年龄匹配的神经型对照者的规范性数据，这些失语症患者接受了一组失语症测试，该测试评估了短期/工作记忆负荷增加对单词和句子处理的影响，以及语言变异对言语短期记忆能力的影响。两个概念进行了讨论，捕捉这种测试电池的研究和临床实践的独特潜力：诊断的特异性和灵敏度的所有程度的失语症的严重程度，包括轻度失语症。包括一项分析，显示了在西方失语症成套测验（Kertesz，2006）中达到正常表现水平的轻度失语症患者的表现如何在时间延迟条件下表现出比对照参与者更大的下降。我们还报告了初步数据，显示了在响应之前或待比较的项目之间添加时间间隔的差异效应：某些失语症患者的准确性降低，而其他人的准确性提高。讨论了这一发现的理论和临床重要性，以及该测试电池用于研究和作为临床工具的整体潜力。最后，我们讨论了这个测试电池的相关性，调查功能性沟通能力失语症。
Some current models of aphasia emphasize a role of short-term memory in the processing of language and propose that the language impairment in aphasia involves impairment to cognitive processes that activate and maintain representations of words over the time-period needed to support single word and multiple word tasks, including verbal span tasks. This paper reports normative data from 39 people with aphasia and 16 age-matched neurotypical controls on a test battery for aphasia that assesses effects of increased short-term/working memory load on word and sentence processing as well as effects of linguistic variations on verbal short-term memory abilities. Two concepts are discussed that capture the unique potential of this test battery for research and clinical practice: specificity of diagnosis and sensitivity to all degrees of aphasia severity, including mild aphasia. An analysis is included that shows how the performance of individuals with mild aphasia who achieve normal level of performance on the Western Aphasia Battery (Kertesz, 2006) shows a decline in a temporal delay condition that is greater than performance of control participants. We also report preliminary data showing differential effects of adding a time interval before a response or between items to be compared: reduced accuracy for some individuals with aphasia and improved accuracy for others. The theoretical and clinical importance of this finding is discussed, as well as the overall potential for this test battery to be used in research and as a clinical tool. Finally, we discuss the relevance of this test battery to investigate functional communication abilities in aphasia.