Reference Group Effects in the Measurement of Personality and Attitudes
Reference Group Effects in the Measurement of Personality and Attitudes
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DOI：
10.1080/00223891.2010.497393
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Niehorster, Sarah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crede, Marcus;Bashshur, Michael;Niehorster, Sarah
参考群体效应（在跨文化环境中发现）发生在对自我报告项目的反应不是基于受访者的绝对水平，而是基于他们相对于一个显着的比较群体的水平。在这篇文章中，我们研究的影响，参照群体的影响，自我报告的个性和态度的评估。两项研究表明，参照群体效应可以通过对指令集的微小改变来诱导，这些改变反映了常用的人格测量指令集。指定不同参考组的量表显示，相对于这些量表的无参考组版本，学习成绩、自我报告的适得其反的行为和自我报告的健康结果的标准相关效度大幅降低。
Reference-group effects (discovered in cross-cultural settings) occur when responses to self-report items are based not on respondents' absolute level of a construct but rather on their level relative to a salient comparison group. In this article, we examine the impact of reference-group effects on the assessment of self-reported personality and attitudes. Two studies illustrate that a reference-group effect can be induced by small changes to instruction sets, changes that mirror the instruction sets of commonly used measures of personality. Scales that specified different reference groups showed substantial reductions in criterion-related validities for academic performance, self-reported counterproductive behaviors, and self-reported health outcomes relative to reference-group-free versions of those scales.