Economic development, gender inequality, and demographic outcomes: Evidence from India
Economic development, gender inequality, and demographic outcomes: Evidence from India
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1728-4457.2006.00118.x
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bhattacharya, Prabir C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhattacharya, Prabir C.
本文探讨了印度的生育率，儿童死亡率和女性在儿童生存中的劣势的决定因素，使用地区一级的面板数据集连接1981年和1991年的人口普查。研究结果质疑了主流观点，即与妇女机构直接相关的变量（具体而言，女性识字率和女性劳动力参与率）在这里发挥了至关重要的作用。相反，反映总体发展和现代化水平的变量在研究期间对降低生育率和儿童死亡率产生了最大的影响。人们认为，经济发展和妇女的能动作用对减少妇女在儿童生存方面的不利地位产生了重大影响。然而，结果表明，随着经济的持续发展，这两个妇女的机构变量失去了影响这一劣势的意义。这些研究结果的政策影响被认为是。
This article examines the determinants of fertility, child mortality, and female disadvantage in child survival in India, using a district-level panel data set linking 1981 and 1991 censuses. The results question the dominant view that variables directly related to women's agency (specifically, the female literacy rate and the female labor force participation rate) have played the crucial roles here. instead, variables reflecting the general level of development and modernization are shown to have had the greatest effect in reducing fertility and child mortality during the period of the study. Both economic development and women's agency are seen to have had significant effects in reducing the female disadvantage in child survival. The results suggest, however, that with continued economic development, the two women's agency variables lose their significance in influencing this disadvantage. The policy implications of these findings are considered.