FRACTIONATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSICS BY STEAM-AQUEOUS PRETREATMENTS
FRACTIONATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSICS BY STEAM-AQUEOUS PRETREATMENTS
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DOI：
10.1098/rsta.1987.0029
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发表时间：
1987-04-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
CHORNET, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OVEREND, RP;CHORNET, E
木质纤维素的物理加工或预处理涉及木材、秸秆和甘蔗渣等材料的超微结构改性。所产生的底物随后可由化学物质转化。各种预处理方案将根据所获得的超微结构、聚合物和化学修饰进行讨论。这些过程可分为以下几类：(i)蒸汽；(2)水;（三）有机溶剂溶解处理。所有这些都在纸浆和造纸或纤维板工业开发的热机械过程中有其先例。热机械技术的连续应用导致底物分成主要的聚合物组分：纤维素，半纤维素和木质素在不同程度的改性。许多预处理概念现已达到商业规模，并被应用于从木质纤维素中生产供反刍动物使用的食品。同样的技术正在木质纤维素领域的能源和化学品领域进行试验。
Physical processing or pretreatment of lignocellulosics concerns the ultrastructural modification of materials such as wood, straw and bagasse. The substrates produced can be subsequently converted by chemicals. The various pretreatment options will be discussed in the light of the ultrastructural, polymeric and chemical modifications that are obtained. The processes can be classified as follows: (i) steam; (ii) aqueous; and (iii) organosolvolysis treatments. All of these have their antecedents in the thermomechanical processes developed by the pulp and paper or fibreboard industries. Sequential application of thermomechanical technology leads to fractionation of the substrate into the major polymeric fractions: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in varying degrees of modification. A number of pretreatment concepts are now at a commercial scale and are being applied to produce foodstuffs from lignocellulosics for use by ruminant animals. The same techniques are being piloted in the energy and chemicals from lignocellulosics field.