Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to ixodidae tick species Dermacentor variabilis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Ixodes scapularis
Pathogenicity of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae to ixodidae tick species Dermacentor variabilis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Ixodes scapularis
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DOI：
10.1603/0022-2585-41.4.705
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Keyhani, NO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kirkland, BH;Westwood, GS;Keyhani, NO
用昆虫病原真菌球孢白僵菌（巴尔斯.）维尔和金龟子绿僵菌Metschnikoff剂量反应实验表明，真菌孢子的临界浓度是感染和死亡所必需的。在28天的时间过程中，真菌悬浮液的B。bassiana或M.绿僵菌在10（8）分生孢子/ml浓度下对成虫的致死率为50-70%。scapularis和R. sanguineus，但死亡率< 20%。变异蜱R.红腹锦鸡儿对两种病原真菌均高度敏感，在感染后14 d内死亡率> 60%，在感染后21-28 d内死亡率> 90%。D.感染后28 d，成虫死亡率为20 ~ 40%。I.然而，肩胛肌似乎比成虫稍不敏感（45%的死亡率，感染后28天）。向真菌细胞悬液中添加营养物质对任何供试蜱种的死亡率均无任何明显影响。对D.只有B时才观察到变异成虫（约65%）。将带有生长培养基残留物的球孢霉真菌细胞用作对抗蜱的接种物。昆虫病原真菌如B。bassiana和M.绿僵菌可能具有控制I. scapularis和R. sanguineus，在一定条件下D.变量我们的研究结果表明，接种条件可以极大地影响成功的毒力和随后的死亡率。
Nymphal and adult ticks from three different tick species, Dermacentor variabilis Say, Ixodes scapularis Say, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latrielle, were treated with conidia and blastospores of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae Metschnikoff Dose-response experiments indicated that a critical concentration of fungal spores is required for infection and mortality. Over a 28-d time course, fungal suspensions of either B. bassiana or M. anisopliae at 10(8) conidia/ml resulted in 50-70% mortality in adult I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, but < 20% mortality in D. variabilis ticks. R. sanguineus nymphs were highly susceptible to both entomopathogenic fungi, displaying > 60% mortality within 14 d postinfection and > 90% mortality within 21-28 d postinfection. D. variabilis nymphs also were more susceptible than their corresponding adults, displaying mortalities ranging from 20 to 40% 28 d postinfection. I. scapularis nymphs, however, seemed to be slightly less susceptible than adults (45% mortality, 28 d postinfection). The addition of nutrients to fungal cell suspensions did not have any noticeable effects on mortality toward any of the tick species tested. Significant mortality against D. variabilis adults ( approximate to 65%) was noted only when B. bassiana fungal cells with growth media carryover were used as the inoculum against the ticks. Entomopathogenic fungi such as B. bassiana and M. anisopliae may have the potential for controlling populations of I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, and under certain conditions D. variabilis. Our results indicate that inoculum conditions can greatly affect successful virulence and subsequent mortality.