The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb15940.x
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发表时间：
1980-02
影响因子：
40.6
通讯作者：
C. Will
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Will
回顾和更新了广义相对论实验测试和分析它们的理论框架的现状。爱因斯坦的等效原理得到了EöTVöS实验、局域洛伦兹不变性测试和时钟实验的很好支持。正在进行的EEP和平方反比定律测试正在寻找由统一或量子引力引起的新的相互作用。在后牛顿水平上的广义相对论测试已经达到了高精度，包括光偏转、夏皮罗时间延迟、水星近日点推进、月球运动中的诺德特韦特效应和框架拖曳。使用赫尔斯-泰勒双星脉冲星探测到的引力波衰减程度与广义相对论一致，优于0.5%，而且越来越多的其他双星脉冲星系统正在进行新的测试，特别是对强场效应的测试。目前和未来的相对论测试将集中在强引力和引力波上。
The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for analyzing them is reviewed and updated. Einstein’s equivalence principle (EEP) is well supported by experiments such as the Eötvös experiment, tests of local Lorentz invariance and clock experiments. Ongoing tests of EEP and of the inverse square law are searching for new interactions arising from unification or quantum gravity. Tests of general relativity at the post-Newtonian level have reached high precision, including the light deflection, the Shapiro time delay, the perihelion advance of Mercury, the Nordtvedt effect in lunar motion, and frame-dragging. Gravitational wave damping has been detected in an amount that agrees with general relativity to better than half a percent using the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar, and a growing family of other binary pulsar systems is yielding new tests, especially of strong-field effects. Current and future tests of relativity will center on strong gravity and gravitational waves.