UNTERSUCHUNGEN UBER DIE BEDEUTUNG DER CORPORA ALLATA FUR DIE DIFFERENZIERUNG DER KASTEN BEI DER TERMITE KALOTERMES-FLAVICOLLIS F
UNTERSUCHUNGEN UBER DIE BEDEUTUNG DER CORPORA ALLATA FUR DIE DIFFERENZIERUNG DER KASTEN BEI DER TERMITE KALOTERMES-FLAVICOLLIS F
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-1910(60)90004-4
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发表时间：
1960-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
SPRINGHETTI, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LUSCHER, M;SPRINGHETTI, A
通过将不同供体的翼体移植到正常群体和孤儿群体的伪门中，研究了翼体在白蚁种级分化中的作用。当植入初级和次级生殖器的翼体、翼状蜕皮前的若虫和士兵的翼体时，大量的宿主分化为前士兵。没有准备蜕皮的伪门和末期若虫的移植没有这样的效果，但伪门的移植似乎刺激了辅助生殖的产生。生殖器或其信息素的缺乏对兵前分化有加速作用。在某些情况下，在预备役士兵和补充生殖人员之间产生了种姓间隔性。它们的发生可以通过诱导辅助生殖蜕皮来解释，当时士兵前的分化已经在进行中。在生殖器翼体植入10天后，通过注射蜕皮激素，实验中产生了前士兵和伪门之间的种间。因此，在士兵分化中，通常只有在分化开始后的一段时间才会诱导蜕皮。结扎实验表明，在补充生殖蜕皮前，舌体体积的显著增加与分化无关，而是与促性腺激素的产生有关，促性腺激素在雌性体内刺激卵母细胞的生长。除末期若虫外，均移植翼体，并对补充生殖的眼部色素沉着有抑制作用。这一典型的幼体效应在从假门移植翼体后表现得尤为明显。舌体似乎产生了两种不同的激素，在种级分化中有不同的作用。保幼激素可能提高了补充生殖分化的能力。另一方面，促性腺激素启动了士兵前的分化。
The role of the corpora allata in caste differentiation has been studied in the termite K. flavicollis by transplanting corpora allata of different donors into pseudergates in normal and in orphaned colonies. When corpora allata from primary and secondary reproductives, from nymphs just before the alate molt, and from soldiers were implanted, a great number of the hosts differentiated into pre-soldiers. Transplants from pseudergates and last-stage nymphs which were not preparing for a molt, had no such effect, but those of pseudergates seemed to stimulate the production of supplementary reproductives. The absence of the reproductives or of their pheromones had an accelerating effect upon pre-soldier differentiation. In some cases intercastes between pre-soldiers and supplementary reproductives were produced. Their occurrence can be explained by an induction of a supplementary reproductive molt at a time when pre-soldier differentiation was already in progress. Intercastes between pre-soldiers and pseudergates have been produced experimentally by injecting ecdyson 10 days after the implantation of corpora allata from reproductives. Thus in soldier differentiation the molt is induced normally only some time after the onset of differentiation. Ligation experiments showed that the remarkable volume increase of the corpora allata before a supplementary reproductive molt has nothing to do with differentiation, but occurs in connexion with the production of gonadotropic hormone which in females stimulates growth of the oocytes. All transplanted corpora allata with the exception of those of last-stage nymphs, and an inhibiting effect upon the pigmentation of eyes in supplementary reproductives. This typically juvenile effect was especially significant after transplanting corpora allata from pseudergates. The corpora allata seem to produce 2 different hormones, which have different effects in caste differentiation. The juvenile hormone probably increases the competence for supplementary reproductive differentiation. The gonadotropic hormone on the other hand initiates pre-soldier differentiation.