STUDIES ON METRONOME EFFECT OF STUTTERING
STUDIES ON METRONOME EFFECT OF STUTTERING
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DOI：
10.1016/0005-7967(69)90033-3
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发表时间：
1969-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
BRADY, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRADY, JP
44名严重的成年口吃者作为受试者参加了四项实验，研究用节拍器调节语言节奏增加流利性的机制。在第一个实验中，受试者使用听觉节拍器阅读，其速度设置为确保说话速度与两次对照阅读时相同。所有受试者都能更流利地使用节拍器，这表明仅仅是说话的放慢并不是节拍器效应的基础。在第二个实验中，受试者再次阅读听觉节拍器，然后同时执行一个分散注意力的辅助任务。由于受试者在节拍器条件下明显更流利，因此得出结论，“分心”不是节拍器效应的基础。第三项研究涉及三种节拍器的相对功效，这三种节拍器在其输出的感觉方式上不同。听觉、视觉和触觉节拍器被证明在调节讲话节奏和提高流畅性方面同样有效。最后一个实验涉及到一个普遍的假设，即节拍器通过节拍的节奏性发挥其影响力。在这个实验中，受试者在一种情况下用有节奏的节拍器调整他们的讲话节奏，而在另一种情况下用有节奏的节拍器的滴答声调整他们的讲话节奏。尽管大多数受试者使用节奏节拍器时的流畅度略高，但与使用两种节拍器获得的流畅度显著增加相比，这种差异很小。这表明节奏性不是节拍器效应的主要基础。
Forty-four severe adult stutterers served as subjects in four experiments on the mechanism by which pacing speech with a metronome increases fluency. In the first experiment subjects read with an auditory metronome set at a speed that ensured speaking at the same rate as during two control readings unaided by a metronome. All subjects were more fluent with the metronome which suggests that the mere slowing of speech is not the basis of the metronome effect. In the second experiment subjects again read with an auditory metronome and then while performing a subsidiary task of a distracting nature. Since subjects were clearly more fluent during the metronome condition, it was concluded that “distraction” is not the basis of the metronome effect. The third study concerned the relative efficacy of three metronomes which differed in the sensory modality of their outputs. Auditory, visual and tactile metronomes proved to be about equally effective in pacing speech and increasing fluency. The final experiment concerned the prevalent assumption that a metronome exerts its influence by virtue of the rhythmicity of the beats. In this experiment subjects paced their speech with a rhythmic metronome in one condition and with the ticks of an arrhythmic metronome in another. Although most subjects were slightly more fluent with the rhythmic metronome, this difference was small compared with the marked increase in fluency obtained with both metronomes as compared with the subjects' speech unaided by either device. This indicates that rhythmicity is not the principal basis of the metronome effect.