Contributions of mothers' and fathers' parenting to children's self-regulation: Evidence from an adoption study
Contributions of mothers' and fathers' parenting to children's self-regulation: Evidence from an adoption study
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12692
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Leve, Leslie D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bridgett, David J.;Ganiban, Jody M.;Leve, Leslie D.
自上而下的自我调节的起源归因于遗传和社会化因素，这一点可以从双胞胎研究的高遗传率估计和父母的影响作用中得到证明。然而，最近的证据表明，养育行为本身受到父母自上而下的自我调节的影响。由于儿童自上而下的自我调节受遗传因素的影响，而父母教养又受自上而下的自我调节的影响，因此父母教养对儿童自上而下的自我调节的影响可能部分反映了被动的基因-环境相关。本研究的目的是研究父母对儿童的自上而下的自我调节的影响，使用纵向，收养在出生时的设计，识别父母的影响，是独立的作用，共享的遗传影响对儿童的特征，因为养父母是遗传无关的，他们收养的孩子。参与者（N = 361）包括收养家庭和收养儿童的亲生母亲。当孩子27个月大时，对亲生母亲和父亲的严厉/消极养育进行了评估，当孩子54个月大时，对亲生母亲自上而下的自我调节进行了评估。被收养儿童的自上而下的自我调节能力在他们54个月和72个月大时进行了评估。结果，占儿童性别，生物母亲自上而下的自我调节，并通过儿童愤怒的潜在唤起的影响，提供证据表明，遗传的影响和社会化过程独特的儿童自上而下的自我调节。此外，研究结果表明，母亲和父亲的养育行为的重要性，影响幼儿的自上而下的自我调节。这些研究结果的影响，了解复杂的机制，影响儿童的自上而下的自我调节进行了讨论。
The origins of top-down self-regulation are attributed to genetic and socialization factors as evidenced by high heritability estimates from twin studies and the influential role of parenting. However, recent evidence suggests that parenting behavior itself is affected by parents' own top-down self-regulation. Because children's top-down self-regulation is influenced by genetic factors and parenting is influenced by top-down self-regulation, the effects of parenting on children's top-down self-regulation identified in prior studies may partially reflect passive gene-environment correlation. The goal of this study was to examine parenting influences on children's top-down self-regulation using a longitudinal, adoption-at-birth design, a method of identifying parenting influences that are independent of the role of shared genetic influences on children's characteristics because adoptive parents are genetically unrelated to their adopted child. Participants (N = 361) included adoptive families and biological mothers of adopted children. Adoptive mothers' and fathers' harsh/negative parenting were assessed when children were 27 months of age and biological mothers' top-down self-regulation was assessed when children were 54 months of age. Adopted children's top-down self-regulation was assessed when they were 54 and 72 months of age. Results, accounting for child gender, biological mother top-down self-regulation, and the potential evocative effects of adopted child anger, provide evidence that inherited influences and socialization processes uniquely contribute to children's top-down self-regulation. Furthermore, findings demonstrate the importance of both mother's and father's parenting behavior as an influence on young children's top-down self-regulation. The implications of these findings for understanding the complex mechanisms that influence children's top-down self-regulation are discussed.