State-Level Influences on Community-Level Municipal Sustainable Energy Policies
State-Level Influences on Community-Level Municipal Sustainable Energy Policies
复制标题
国家层面对社区级城市可持续能源政策的影响
作者：
Jayce L. Farmer
州和地方政府之间有着广泛而复杂的相互依存关系。然而，关于这些多层次治理关系对以社区为中心的可持续性意味着什么的研究有限。本研究采用交易成本联邦制框架来考察国家财政支持和政策行动对社区一级市政可持续发展承诺的等级影响。一项对美国城市的分析显示，国家在能源项目上的投资鼓励了市政当局为当地纳税人采取激励的能源效率举措。更大比例的州资金直接用于能源项目，导致更强的市政承诺激励可持续发展项目，如个人赠款，直接贷款和税收优惠。研究结果表明，稳定和支持性的多层次治理体系是降低由强制性权力驱动的垂直体系中固有的政治交易成本的关键。这些发现为理解“有争议的联邦制”下社区层面的可持续性提供了理论和实践意义。
State and local governments engage each other in a broad set of complicated interdependent relationships. Yet, there is limited research on what these multilevel governance relationships mean for community-focused sustainability. This study applies a transaction cost federalism framework to examine the hierarchical influences of state fiscal support and policy actions on municipal commitments to sustainability at the community-level. An analysis of U.S. cities reveals that state investments in energy programs encourage municipal efforts for incentivized energy efficiency initiatives for local taxpayers. Larger percentages of state funding directed to energy programs lead to stronger municipal commitments to incentivized sustainability programs such as individual grants, direct loans, and tax incentives. The results suggest that stable and supportive multilevel governance systems are key for reducing political transaction costs inherent within vertical systems driven by coercive authority. These findings produce theoretical and practical implications for understanding community-level sustainability within the face of “contested federalism.”
社会支持的质量和可用性会影响犯罪者的危险行为。
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Spohr,StephanieA;Suzuki,Sumihiro;Marshall,Brittany;Taxman,FayeS;Walters,ScottT
通讯作者：
Walters,ScottT