STATISTICAL DIFFICULTIES OF DETECTING INTERACTIONS AND MODERATOR EFFECTS
STATISTICAL DIFFICULTIES OF DETECTING INTERACTIONS AND MODERATOR EFFECTS
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-2909.114.2.376
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
JUDD, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MCCLELLAND, GH;JUDD, CM
尽管在实验研究中经常发现相互作用效应，但现场研究人员报告说，在寻找理论上的调节效应方面存在相当大的困难。以前的讨论，这种差异考虑了负责任的因素，包括测量误差和使用非线性尺度的差异。在这篇文章中，我们表明，差异效率的实验和现场测试的相互作用也是由于这种相互作用的差异残差方差的组件的主要影响已经偏出。我们推导出一个表达式的剩余方差的联合分布的组成变量和探讨如何属性的分布影响的检验主持人效应的效率。我们表明，在实地研究中的相互作用的测试往往会有不到20%的最佳实验测试的效率，我们讨论了实地研究的设计的影响。
Although interaction effects are frequently found in experimental studies, field researchers report considerable difficulty in finding theorized moderator effects. Previous discussions of this discrepancy have considered responsible factors including differences in measurement error and use of nonlinear scales. In this article we demonstrate that the differential efficiency of experimental and field tests of interactions is also attributable to the differential residual variances of such interactions once the component main effects have been partialed out. We derive an expression for this residual variance in terms of the joint distribution of the component variables and explore how properties of the distribution affect the efficiency of tests of moderator effects. We show that tests of interactions in field studies will often have less than 20% of the efficiency of optimal experimental tests, and we discuss implications for the design of field studies.