The Arctic ground squirrel brain is resistant to injury from cardiac arrest during euthermia
The Arctic ground squirrel brain is resistant to injury from cardiac arrest during euthermia
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DOI：
10.1161/01.str.0000217409.60731.38
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Perez-Pinzon, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dave, KR;Prado, R;Perez-Pinzon, MA
背景和目的：变温哺乳动物在常温和休眠状态下耐受缺氧，有证据表明这种耐受性可能从缺氧扩展到脑缺血。在冬眠期间，CA 1海马神经元在进入和离开休眠的过渡期间承受脑血流量的极端波动，以及在休眠期间脑血流量的减少。体外研究同样显示从常温地松鼠收获的海马切片中存在缺血耐受性的证据;然而，没有研究在临床相关的体内全脑缺血模型中研究耐受性。本研究的目的是测试的假设，即常温北极地松鼠（AGS; Spermophilus parryii）是耐损伤窒息性心脏骤停（CA）。方法发情匹配的雌性大鼠作为阳性对照。对雌性常温AGS和大鼠进行8分钟CA。结果CA组大鼠海马和纹状体缺血神经元数目明显高于对照组（P < 0.001）;大脑皮层受了轻伤令人惊讶的是，在AGS的神经元计数没有显着不同的CA和对照组在这些brain regions. Conclusion这些数据表明，AGS是显着耐受全球性脑缺血在低温。更好地了解AGS耐受低温期间血流量严重减少的机制可能提供新的神经保护策略，这些策略可能转化为CA后人类患者结局的显着改善。
Background and Purpose-Hetereothermic mammals tolerate hypoxia during euthermy and torpor, and evidence suggests this tolerance may extend beyond hypoxia to cerebral ischemia. During hibernation, CA1 hippocampal neurons endure extreme fluctuations in cerebral blood flow during transitions into and out of torpor as well as reductions in cerebral blood flow during torpor. In vitro studies likewise show evidence of ischemia tolerance in hippocampal slices harvested from euthermic ground squirrels; however, no studies have investigated tolerance in a clinically relevant model of in vivo global cerebral ischemia. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the euthermic Arctic ground squirrel (AGS; Spermophillus parryii) is resistant to injury from asphyxial cardiac arrest (CA).Methods-Estrous-matched female rats were used as a positive control. Female euthermic AGS and rats were subjected to 8-minute CA. At the end of 7 days of reperfusion, AGS and rats were fixed for histopathological assessment.Results-In rats subjected to CA, the number of ischemic neurons was significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared with control rats in hippocampus and striatum. Cortex was mildly injured. Surprisingly, neuronal counts in AGS were not significantly different in CA and control groups in these brain regions.Conclusion-These data demonstrate that AGS are remarkably tolerant to global cerebral ischemia during euthermia. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which AGS tolerate severe reductions in blood flow during euthermia may provide novel neuroprotective strategies that may translate into significant improvements in human patient outcomes after CA.