Growth, photosynthesis and haustorial development of semiparasitic Santalum album L. penetrating into roots of three hosts: a comparative study
Growth, photosynthesis and haustorial development of semiparasitic Santalum album L. penetrating into roots of three hosts: a comparative study
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半寄生檀香侵入三种寄主根部的生长、光合作用和吸器发育：比较研究
DOI：
10.1007/s00468-015-1303-3
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Ma, Guohua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ouyang, Yao;Zhang, Xinhua;Ma, Guohua
关键信息檀香半寄生关系中适宜寄主（印度黄檀、日本沉香）和不适宜寄主（白木香）的光合和形态差异进行了评估。是一种重要的半寄生树，其根通过吸器与宿主根相连，以获得水分和养分。然而，人们对不同宿主如何影响S的了解甚少。叶片生长、光合性能和吸器发育。在本研究中，一种豆科植物，和日本梧桐，白木香（Aquilaria sinensis（Lour.）而非豆科植物的吉尔格则不然。3种寄主植物与檀香实生苗共育1年，净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、株高、吸器大小和吸器数量均存在显著差异。S.叶片生长与净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率密切相关。在好寄主D中吸器形态良好，更换频繁。Sissoo可能增强了新陈代谢和养分运输。超微结构观察显示，在手指实质细胞与宿主根细胞的界面区域和内部结构、维管组织、宿主根细胞的反应和穿透方式等方面存在差异。其中与寄主D. sissoo和L.根中含有丰富的细胞器，包括线粒体、内质网和溶酶体。寄主根细胞和指实质细胞的细胞膜内聚集了大量的小空泡。在D. sissoo和L.日本出现了。与此相反，在与A.根细胞器不明显，界面处黑色物质不明显。入侵方式也各不相同。指实质细胞侵入寄主D的根部。sissoo和L. japonica通过细胞膜融合、压力和降解酶等途径降解;在中华绒螯蟹中，寄主根细胞被指实质细胞包围，并被自身消化。尽管成熟吸器可以穿透寄主D的根木质部。sissoo和A. sinensis的吸器与D.西苏具有成熟的木质部，而A.中国人尚未形成任何导管分子。在所有S.胚囊吸器与三个寄主根相连，维管系统发达，但没有韧皮部。
Key messagePhotosynthetic and morphological differences between suitable (Dalbergia sissoo, Lonicera japonica) and unsuitable (Aquilaria sinensis) hosts in their semiparasitic associations withSantalum albumwere assessed.AbstractSantalum album L. is an important semiparasitic tree whose roots join to host roots, through haustoria, to acquire water and nutrients. Yet little is known how different hosts affect S. album growth, photosynthetic performance and haustorial development. In this study, Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., a leguminous tree, and Lonicera japonica Thunb., a non-leguminous vine, were suitable hosts while Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg, a non-leguminous tree, was not. The three host plants were cultivated with sandalwood seedlings for 1 year, inducing significant differences in net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, plant height, haustorial size and number of haustoria. S. album growth was strongly related to net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. Well-formed and frequently replaced haustoria in the good host D. sissoo likely enhanced metabolism and nutrient transport. Ultrastructural observations showed differences in the interfacial region and internal structure between finger parenchymal cells and host root cells, vascular tissue, the reaction of host root cells and penetration modes. Among them, the finger parenchymal cells in the haustoria that connected with hosts D. sissoo and L. japonica roots were rich in organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. Numerous small vacuoles accumulated inside membranes of the host root cells and finger parenchymal cells. Many lysosomes were present at the interfacial region where large-scale digestion of the host root cells in D. sissoo and L. japonica occurred. In contrast, in the finger parenchymal cells of the haustoria that joined to A. sinensis roots, organelles were not that obvious and black-stained material at the interfacial regions was indistinct. The modes of invasion were also different. The finger parenchymal cells penetrated into the roots of hosts D. sissoo and L. japonica by cell membrane fusion, pressure and degrading enzymes while in A. sinensis, host root cells were surrounded by the finger parenchymal cells and were self-digested. Even though mature haustoria could penetrate into the root xylem of hosts D. sissoo and A. sinensis, the haustoria that connected with D. sissoo had a mature xylem while A. sinensis had not yet formed any vessel elements. In all S. album haustoria connected to the three host roots, the vascular system developed some xylem but no phloem was observed.