Sourcing the provenance of cannabis crops using inter-element association patterns ‘fingerprinting’ and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Sourcing the provenance of cannabis crops using inter-element association patterns ‘fingerprinting’ and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
复制标题
使用元素间关联模式“指纹”和激光烧蚀电感耦合质谱等离子体光谱法寻找大麻作物的来源
DOI：
10.1039/a800338f
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
R. Watling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Watling
本文介绍了激光烧蚀ICP-MS方法的开发和应用，用于确定大麻作物的微量元素关联模式“指纹”，以及这些作物对特定地质环境的潜在追踪。它还详细说明了在警方缉毒行动中收集的单一和多来源材料的具体识别。在液氮下将大麻样品研磨成细粉，并在20吨压力下将所得材料压入纸板底座中。使用Nd：YAG激光器烧蚀这种压制粉末，并使用高灵敏度ICP-MS来确定来自材料分析的元素缔合模式“指纹”。这些元素的关联，而不是传统的元素浓度，构成了确定大麻作物和在个别警方缉毒行动中回收的样本的来源的方法的基础。不同消融事件之间的分析物信号的变化，因为耦合和传输效率，发射次数和形态和颜色的基板的变化，是避免通过使用三元比百分比。判别图。三元比率百分比图表示系统中三个组成部分之间关系的直接比较。这些图的使用有效地消除了绝对值的任何变异性，集中在组分的相互比较，而不是绝对值。在三元图中的任何位置放置一个百分比数据点，表示图中定义的三个组成部分的相对百分位数相互关联。使用这种方法，来自同一样本的元素的所有三元关联图将绘制在图上的相同位置，而来自不同样本的元素将绘制在其他地方。通过对每批样品的内部标准大麻材料进行分析，证实了每天的重现性。
This paper describes the development and application of laser ablation ICP-MS methodologies for determining the trace element association patterns ‘fingerprint’ of cannabis crops and the potential tracing of these crops to specific geological environments. It also details the specific identification of single- and multi-sourced material collected during police drug raids. Cannabis samples are ground to a fine powder under liquid nitrogen and the resulting material pressed, under 20 t pressure, into cardboard mounts. An Nd:YAG laser is used to ablate this pressed powder and high sensitivity ICP-MS is used to determine the elemental association patterns ‘fingerprint’ derived from the analysis of the material. These associations of elements, rather than the traditional element concentrations, form the basis of the approach for the determination of provenance of cannabis crops and samples recovered in individual police drug raids. Variations in analyte signal between different ablation events, because of variations in coupling and transport efficiency, number of shots and morphology and colour of the substrate, are obviated by the use of ternary ratio per cent. discriminant diagrams. Ternary ratio per cent. plots represent the direct comparison of the relationship between three components in a system. The use of these plots effectively eliminates any variability in absolute values by concentrating on inter-comparison of components rather than absolute values. Positioning a ratio per cent. data point anywhere within the ternary plot indicates the relative percentile inter-association of the three components defined by the diagram. Using this method all ternary association plots of elements from the same sample will plot in the same position on the diagram, whereas those from different samples will plot elsewhere. Reproducibility on a day to day basis is confirmed by analysis of in-house standard cannabis materials with each sample batch.