Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda
Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2006.75.219
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Coosemans, Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Okello, Paul Edward;Van Bortel, Wim;Coosemans, Marc
了解特定环境中疟疾传播基线对于指导疟疾控制干预措施非常重要。然而，在乌干达，缺乏关于疟疾传播强度的最新信息。为此，我们在全国7个不同生态点开展了为期1年的昆虫学研究，以评估疟疾传播强度的时空格局。在7个研究点中，5个点冈比亚按蚊为主要媒介。Funestus是另外两个地点最重要的病媒。在城郊的一个村庄里，安。Arabiensis在很大程度上促进了疟疾的传播。在研究地点之间观察到昆虫年接种率（AEIR）的明显差异，从该国西南部每人每年4次感染叮咬到尼罗河附近沼泽地区每人每年150次感染叮咬。在1至9岁儿童寄生虫流行率为b> = 80%的村庄之间，观察到的AEIR差异为4倍。根据观察到的病媒行为，经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐在控制疟疾方面将非常有效。然而，在高传播地区，将需要采取额外措施将疟疾负担减少到可接受的水平。
Knowledge of the baseline malaria transmission in a given environment is important to guide malaria control interventions. However, in Uganda, recent information on malaria transmission intensity is lacking. Therefore, a 1-year entomological study was conducted in seven ecologically different sites throughout the country to assess spatial and temporal patterns in malaria transmission intensity. Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto was the main vector in five of the seven study sites, and An. funestus was the most important vector in the two other sites. In a peri-urban village, An. arabiensis contributed substantially to malaria transmission. Clear differences in annual entomological inoculation rates (AEIR) were observed between the study sites, ranging from 4 infective bites per person per year in the southwestern part of the country to > 1,500 infective bites per person per year in a swampy area near the Nile River. Between villages with parasite prevalences of >= 80% in children between 1 and 9 years old, a 4-fold difference in AEIR was observed. Based on the observed behavior of the vectors, insecticide-treated bed nets will be highly effective in controlling malaria. However, in the high transmission areas, additional measures will be needed to reduce the malaria burden to acceptable levels.