Neuropeptide transmission in brain circuits.
Neuropeptide transmission in brain circuits.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2012.09.014
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发表时间：
2012-10-04
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
van den Pol AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van den Pol AN
Neuropeptides are found in many mammalian CNS neurons where they play key roles in modulating neuronal activity.与突触处的氨基酸递质释放相反，神经肽的释放不限于突触特化，并且在释放后，神经肽可以扩散一定距离以通过G蛋白偶联受体发挥其作用。一些神经肽（例如下丘脑分泌素/食欲素）仅在大脑的单个区域合成，释放这些肽的神经元可能具有类似的功能作用。其他肽如神经肽 Y (NPY) 是在整个大脑中合成的，在某一区域合成该肽的神经元与其他大脑区域的 NPY 神经元没有解剖学或功能上的联系。在这里，我回顾了揭示慢效神经调节肽和快效氨基酸递质之间在控制能量稳态、药物成瘾、情绪和动机、睡眠-觉醒状态和神经内分泌调节方面复杂相互作用的数据。
Neuropeptides are found in many mammalian CNS neurons where they play key roles in modulating neuronal activity. In contrast to amino acid transmitter release at the synapse, neuropeptide release is not restricted to the synaptic specialization, and after release, a neuropeptide may diffuse some distance to exert its action through a G-protein coupled receptor. Some neuropeptides such as hypocretin/orexin are synthesized only in single regions of the brain, and the neurons releasing these peptides probably have similar functional roles. Other peptides such as neuropeptide Y (NPY) are synthesized throughout the brain, and neurons that synthesize the peptide in one region have no anatomical or functional connection with NPY neurons in other brain regions. Here, I review converging data revealing a complex interaction between slow-acting neuromodulator peptides and fast-acting amino acid transmitters in the control of energy homeostasis, drug addiction, mood and motivation, sleep-wake states, and neuroendocrine regulation.
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