Are There Trade-offs between the Existing and New Foreign Activities?
Are There Trade-offs between the Existing and New Foreign Activities?
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发表时间：
2015-08
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通讯作者：
Yukiko Ito
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作者：
Yukiko Ito
对于每个跨国公司来说，设计一项新的海外活动是一个顺序选择。在某些情况下，新的外国企业是对现有实体的补充。在其他情况下，新的外国企业取代了旧的实体。这些公司内部的变化，在公司资源的分配没有深入考虑的文献。在我们的模型中，一个跨国企业（MNE）确定一个新的位置，如果有的话，要么作为一个除了其现有的，或作为一个旧的替代。在轴辐式空间关系下考虑位置。企业在考虑交易成本和固定成本的情况下，使全球企业利润最大化。在实证分析中，使用了关于日资外国企业及其母公司的面板数据（经济产业省1996年~ 2012年海外经营活动基本调查），并补充了同期的“外国企业经营活动动向调查”。考虑到现有的外国地点网络，我们测量了进入和退出事件的一些关键因素。我们将我们的结果与Yeaple（2008）进行了比较，Yeaple分析了美国制造业公司内部网络的“中心和辐条”（中心和外围位置）。我们显示了美国跨国公司和日本跨国公司之间的一些差异。我们还讨论了制造业和服务业企业内部网络的权衡差异。
For each multinational firm, designing a new foreign activity is a sequential choice. In some cases, new foreign businesses complement existing entities. In other cases, new foreign businesses substitute for old entities. These intra-firm changes in allocations of corporate resources are not deeply considered in the literature. In our model, a multinational enterprise (MNE) determines a new location, if any, either as an addition to its existing ones, or as a replacement of an old one. The location is considered under hub-spoke spatial relations. Firms maximize the worldwide corporate profit, taking into account both trade costs and fixed costs. In the empirical analysis, we use a panel data on Japanese-owned foreign affiliates and their parents (Basic Survey of Overseas Business Activities from 1996 to 2012, by METI), supplemented by the Survey of Trends in Business Activities of Foreign Affiliates of the same periods. We measure some key factors to an event of entry and exit, given the network of existing foreign locations. We compare our results with Yeaple (2008), which analyzes "hub and spokes" (central and peripheral locations) of intra-firm networks for U.S. manufacturing. We show some differences between the U.S. MNEs and Japanese MNEs. We also discuss the difference in trade-offs of intra-firm network between manufacturing and the service sectors.