Effects of biomechanical stress on bones in animals
Effects of biomechanical stress on bones in animals
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DOI：
10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00707-x
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Turner, CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burr, DB;Robling, AG;Turner, CH
使骨适应其机械环境的信号最可能涉及通过小管通道的应变介导的流体流动。流体只能通过循环载荷在骨中移动，并且在骨细胞上产生的剪切应力与载荷速率成比例。细胞上的流体剪应力与加载速率之间的比例关系预测了骨对加载的适应性响应的大小应与应变速率成比例。对于生理范围内的较低加载频率，实验证据表明这是正确的。骨细胞的机械敏感性很快饱和，并且在负荷周期之间或在运动周期之间的恢复期可以优化适应性反应，这也是事实。总之，这些概念表明，短时间的运动，其中4-8小时的休息时间，是一个更有效的成骨刺激比一个单一的持续运动。数据还表明，即使活动持续时间很短，涉及较高负荷率的活动对于增加骨形成更有效。(C)2002年，Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
The signals that allow bone to adapt to its mechanical environment most likely involve strain-mediated fluid flow through the canalicular channels. Fluid can only be moved through bone by cyclic loading, and the shear stresses generated on bone cells are proportional to the rate of loading. The proportional relation between fluid shear stresses on cells and loading rate predicts that the magnitude of bone's adaptive response to loading should be proportional to strain rate. For lower loading frequencies within the physiologic range, experimental evidence shows this is true. It is also true that the mechanical sensitivity of bone cells saturates quickly, and that a period of recovery either between loading cycles or between periods of exercise can optimize adaptive response. Together, these concepts suggest that short periods of exercise, with a 4-8 h rest period between them, are a more effective osteogenic stimulus than a single sustained session of exercise. The data also suggest that activities involving higher loading rates are more effective for increasing bone formation, even if the duration of the activity is short. (C) 2002 by Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.