Urban-like night illumination reduces melatonin release in European blackbirds (Turdus merula): implications of city life for biological time-keeping of songbirds.
Urban-like night illumination reduces melatonin release in European blackbirds (Turdus merula): implications of city life for biological time-keeping of songbirds.
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DOI：
10.1186/1742-9994-10-60
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发表时间：
2013-10-03
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Partecke J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dominoni DM;Goymann W;Helm B;Partecke J
已知夜间人造光会影响广泛的行为和生理过程。在城市化的鸟类物种中，夜间的光线促进了重要的生物节律，如活动/休息的每日周期和繁殖的时间，但我们对潜在的生理机制的了解有限。鉴于其作为时间生物学信号的作用，褪黑激素是介导夜间光效应的强有力的候选者。我们暴露在城市和农村的欧洲黑鸟（Turdus merula）两个光处理相同的光周期，但在夜间不同的光强度。对照组暴露在0.0001勒克斯（几乎黑暗），而实验组暴露在0.3勒克斯在夜间，模拟条件记录以前的自由生活的城市乌鸫。我们获得了所有鸟类在夏季（7月）和冬季（1月）的血浆褪黑激素的昼夜曲线，同时记录运动活动。褪黑激素浓度的日常模式明显受到夜间光在两个季节。在冬季，在夜间光照的鸟类的褪黑激素浓度低于在黑暗中的鸟类在早期和深夜。在夏季，与保持在黑暗中的鸟类相比，夜间有光的鸟类的褪黑激素浓度在整个晚上都较低。夜间光照鸟类的运动活动总体上高于对照个体，无论是在白天还是在夜间，黎明前急剧增加。在冬季，夜间光照组黎明前的活动量与从午夜到深夜褪黑激素的变化相关：褪黑激素减少越多，黎明前活动量越大。城市和农村的鸟类在夜间对褪黑激素的反应相似，但在行为上有所不同，农村的鸟类比城市的鸟类表现出更多的运动活动。这项研究指出，减少褪黑激素的释放在夜间作为一个潜在的生理机制的基础上的城市化鸟类的早晨活动的提前开始。根据褪黑激素分泌的模式，我们认为鸟类对夜间光线的反应就像它们比鸟类在黑夜中暴露在更长的白天一样。
Artificial light-at-night is known to affect a broad array of behaviours and physiological processes. In urbanized bird species, light-at-night advances important biological rhythms such as daily cycles of activity/rest and timing of reproduction, but our knowledge of the underlying physiological mechanisms is limited. Given its role as chronobiological signal, melatonin is a strong candidate for mediating the effects of light-at-night. We exposed urban and rural European blackbirds (Turdus merula) to two light treatments equal in photoperiod but with different light intensities at night. The control group was exposed to 0.0001 lux (almost darkness), while the experimental group was exposed to 0.3 lux at night, simulating conditions recorded previously on free-living urban blackbirds. We obtained diel profiles of plasma melatonin for all birds in summer (July) and winter (January), while simultaneously recording locomotor activity. Daily patterns of melatonin concentrations were clearly affected by light-at-night in both seasons. In winter, melatonin concentrations of light-at-night birds were lower in the early and late night than in those of birds kept in darkness. In summer, melatonin concentrations of the light-at-night birds were lower through all night compared to birds kept in darkness. Locomotor activity in light-at-night birds was overall higher than in control individuals, both during the day and at night, and it increased sharply before dawn. In winter, the amount of activity before dawn in the light-at-night group correlated with changes in melatonin from midnight to late night: the greater the decrease in melatonin, the greater the amount of pre-dawn activity. Urban and rural birds responded similarly to light-at-night with respect to melatonin, but differed in their behaviour, with rural birds showing more locomotor activity than urban counterparts. This study points to reduced melatonin release at night as a potential physiological mechanism underlying the advanced onset of morning activity of urbanized birds. Based on the pattern of melatonin secretion, we suggest that birds responded to light-at-night as if they were exposed to a longer day than birds kept under dark nights.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
BARTNESS, TJ;GOLDMAN, BD
通讯作者：
GOLDMAN, BD
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.8.4674
发表时间：
1999-04-13
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bentley, GE;Van't Hof, TJ;Ball, GF
通讯作者：
Ball, GF
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Brandstätter, R
通讯作者：
Brandstätter, R
DOI：
10.1007/bf00341546
发表时间：
1962-01-01
期刊：
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR VERGLEICHENDE PHYSIOLOGIE
影响因子：
--
作者：
ASCHOFF, J;WEVER, R
通讯作者：
WEVER, R
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Evans, Jennifer A.;Elliott, Jeffrey A.;Gorman, Michael R.
通讯作者：
Gorman, Michael R.