Thermodynamic properties of Ca–Pb electrodes determined by electromotive force measurements
Thermodynamic properties of Ca–Pb electrodes determined by electromotive force measurements
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.227745
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
N. Smith;Nicole E. Orabona;Jorge Paz Soldan Palma;Yuran Kong;Cameron F. Blanchard;Hojong Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Smith;Nicole E. Orabona;Jorge Paz Soldan Palma;Yuran Kong;Cameron F. Blanchard;Hojong Kim
采用电动势（emf）测量方法研究了钙铅合金的热力学性质，以确定其在液态金属电池等储能系统中的平衡电势和相性质。使用电化学电池Ca(s) | CaF2(s) | Ca（Pb）在700-1060 K下，测量了13种Ca - Pb合金在摩尔分数下的电动势，xCa= 0.06-0.80。在873 K时，液态Ca - pb合金相对于Ca的平衡电位为0.57 ~ 0.62 V，活度值低至aca = 6.2 × 10−8atxCa= 0.06。此外，emf值作为温度的函数提供了偏摩尔量（熵和焓）以及相变，这可以通过使用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和粉末x射线衍射（XRD）确定转变温度和相成分来证实。本工作通过对Ca-Pb电极的电化学、热学和结构特性的综合研究，为设计含铅液态金属电极提供了必要的基础数据。
Thermodynamic properties of Ca–Pb alloys are investigated by electromotive force (emf) measurements to determine equilibrium cell potentials and phase properties for their application in energy storage systems such as liquid metal batteries. Using the electrochemical cell Ca(s) | CaF2(s) | Ca(in Pb) at 700–1060 K, cell emf is measured for thirteen Ca–Pb alloys at mole fractions,xCa= 0.06–0.80. At 873 K, the equilibrium potentials of liquid Ca–Pb alloys are 0.57–0.62 V versus Ca and the activity values are as low asaCa= 6.2 × 10−8atxCa= 0.06. In addition, the emf values as a function of temperature provide partial molar quantities (entropy and enthalpy) as well as phase transitions which are corroborated by determining transition temperatures and phase constituents using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). This work establishes the fundamental data necessary for the design of Pb-containing liquid metal electrodes through the integration of electrochemical, thermal, and structural properties of Ca–Pb electrodes.