The pig as a medical model for acquired respiratory diseases and dysfunctions: An immunological perspective
The pig as a medical model for acquired respiratory diseases and dysfunctions: An immunological perspective
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molimm.2021.03.014
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发表时间：
2021-04-29
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Meurens, Francois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bertho, Nicolas;Meurens, Francois
根据定义，没有一个模型是完美的，这一点也适用于生物和健康科学。在医学上，由于其合理的成本和大量的转基因菌株和分子工具的选择，小鼠模型现在是，而且将在很长一段时间内不可或缺。另一方面，非人类灵长类动物仍然是最好的动物模型，尽管由于经济和明显的伦理原因，它们的使用受到限制。在呼吸道疾病领域，已经成功开发出特定的临床模型，如用于毛细支气管炎的绵羊和棉鼠，或用于流感和新冠肺炎的雪貂和叙利亚仓鼠，但在这些物种中，用于生物学分析的工具箱仍然稀缺。在这种观点下，猪医学模式似乎是小鼠和灵长类动物之间的第三个中间选择。在这里，我们想从免疫学的角度介绍猪作为获得性呼吸道疾病模型的利弊。事实上，在过去的十年里，猪免疫学已经取得了重要的进展，使得免疫分子和细胞表型和功能的准确描述成为可能。这些进展可能允许将猪作为人类呼吸道疾病的临床模型，也可以作为感兴趣的物种进行基础研究探索。
By definition no model is perfect, and this also holds for biology and health sciences. In medicine, murine models are, and will be indispensable for long, thanks to their reasonable cost and huge choice of transgenic strains and molecular tools. On the other side, non-human primates remain the best animal models although their use is limited because of financial and obvious ethical reasons. In the field of respiratory diseases, specific clinical models such as sheep and cotton rat for bronchiolitis, or ferret and Syrian hamster for influenza and Covid-19, have been successfully developed, however, in these species, the toolbox for biological analysis remains scarce. In this view the porcine medical model is appearing as the third, intermediate, choice, between murine and primate. Herein we would like to present the pros and cons of pig as a model for acquired respiratory conditions, through an immunological point of view. Indeed, important progresses have been made in pig immunology during the last decade that allowed the precise description of immune molecules and cell phenotypes and functions. These progresses might allow the use of pig as clinical model of human respiratory diseases but also as a species of interest to perform basic research explorations.