Benthic, limnetic and oceanic threespine stickleback: profiles of reproductive behaviour
Benthic, limnetic and oceanic threespine stickleback: profiles of reproductive behaviour
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DOI：
10.1163/156853908792451421
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Baker, John A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, Susan A.;Shaw, Katherine A.;Baker, John A.
淡水三刺鱼沿着一个底栖（底食性）-湖沼（浮游生物食性）的生态类型连续体下降。虽然营养和求偶行为的描述很好，完整的生殖周期尚未在生态型的特点。我们提供了详细的生殖周期的男性在一个人口的每一个生态类型的原位描述，和一个不太详细的描述，在一个海洋人口可能代表祖先的形式，引起了冰后期的淡水辐射在南部不列颠哥伦比亚省。所有种群都表现出典型的模式，包括：产卵前筑巢，扇（在胚胎孵化前达到峰值强度），胶合（这是最常见的筑巢通过早期的父母阶段）。这些行为要素可以由鱼苗的生理要求来确定。底栖和海洋种群中的雄性经常与群体和单独的非邻居互动，反映了大量的底栖成体。与群体的相互作用没有发生在湖沼人群和那些孤独的非邻居是罕见的。在所有种群中，与邻居的相互作用都很常见，但在湖沼种群中，它们是显眼的和仪式化的，而不是在其他种群中观察到的简单追逐。男性在湖沼人口也出席了巢更多，在某些情况下，生产一个3厘米的土堆的沉积物完成产卵后，往往把灯芯周围的坑巢。一般的模式是一个男性的同类相食的底栖和海洋人口似乎受到限制，在他们的互动与邻居和他们的注意巢的需要警惕和巢防御，而湖沼男性出席更多的巢和邻居，可能表现出最佳的模式巢定向活动的鱼苗。
Freshwater threespine stickleback fall along a benthic (bottom feeding)-limnetic (plankton feeding) continuum of ecotypes. Although trophic and courtship behaviour are well-described, the full reproductive cycle has not been characterized in the ecotypes. We provide detailed in situ descriptions of the reproductive cycle of males in one population of each ecotype, and a less detailed description in one oceanic population likely to represent the ancestral form that gave rise to the post-glacial freshwater radiation in southern British Columbia. All populations exhibited typical patterns including: pre-spawning nest building, fanning (which peaked in intensity just before hatching of embryos), and gluing (which was most common from nest building through the early parental phase). These elements of behaviour may be fixed by the physiological requirements of the fry. Males in the benthic and oceanic populations interacted frequently with groups and solitary non-neighbours, reflecting the abundance of bottom-feeding adults. Interactions with groups did not occur in limnetic populations and those with solitary non-neighbours were rare. Interactions were common with neighbours in all populations, but in the limnetic population they were conspicuous and ritualized, rather than the simple chases observed in the other populations. Males in the limnetic population also attended to the nest more, in some cases producing a 3-cm mound of sediment following the completion of spawning and often placing rushes around the pit-nest. The general pattern was one in which males in the cannibalistic benthic and oceanic populations appeared to be constrained in their interactions with neighbours and their attention to the nest by the need for vigilance and nest defense, while limnetic males attended more to nests and neighbours, possibly exhibiting the optimal pattern of nest-directed activities for the fry.