A componential model for mental addition.
A componential model for mental addition.
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DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.15.5.898
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发表时间：
1989-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Widaman;David C. Geary;Pierre Cormier;Todd D. Little
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Widaman;David C. Geary;Pierre Cormier;Todd D. Little
提出了一种能够表示简单和复杂的心理加法形式的组件模型，然后使用计时技术进行了测试。 23 名本科生样本以真假反应时间范式回答了 800 个附加问题。这 800 个问题包括四种类型各 200 个问题：两个单位数加数、一个单位数和一个两位数加数、两个两位数加数和三个单位数加数。结果表明，加数的列乘积（一种与记忆网络检索过程一致的结构变量）是四种类型问题中每一种的心理加法的最佳预测因子。重要的是，组件模型允许估计其他几个结构变量的影响，例如，进入下一列和数字编码的速度。高水平的解释方差验证了模型代表反应时间数据的能力，并且跨类型问题的估计的稳定性意味着受试者使用的组件一致。讨论了心理加法研究的意义。
A componential model capable of representing simple and complex forms of mental addition was proposed and then tested by using chronometric techniques. A sample of 23 undergraduate students responded to 800 addition problems in a true-false reaction time paradigm. The 800 problems comprised 200 problems of each of four types: two single-digit addends, one single- and one double-digit addend, two double-digit addends, and three single-digit addends. The results revealed that the columnwise product of addends, a structural variable consistent with a memory network retrieval process, was the best predictor of mental addition for each of the four types of problem. Importantly, the componential model allowed estimation of effects of several other structural variables, e.g., carrying to the next column and speed of encoding of digits. High levels of explained variance verified the power of the model to represent the reaction time data, and the stability of estimates across types of problem implied consistent component use by subjects. Implications for research on mental addition are discussed.