Residual neuropsychologic effects of cannabis.
Residual neuropsychologic effects of cannabis.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11920-001-0045-7
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发表时间：
2001-12-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Yurgelun-Todd, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pope, H G Jr;Gruber, A J;Yurgelun-Todd, D
大麻急性中毒明显会产生认知障碍，但不太清楚在个人停止定期使用大麻后认知障碍持续多久。在试图评估大麻在重度使用者中的残留神经心理学影响的领域中，研究人员面临着许多方法上的困难，必须理解这些困难才能正确评估现有的研究。目前，似乎可以安全地得出结论，停止定期大量使用大麻后，注意力和记忆力的缺陷至少会持续几天。其中一些缺陷可能是由突然停止大麻的戒断效应引起或加剧的;这些效应通常在戒断3至7天后达到峰值。然而，目前尚不清楚大量使用大麻是否会导致神经毒性，这种毒性在停止使用后长期存在。这种长期影响，如果存在的话，似乎很可能是微妙的，至少在大多数情况下，不会在临床上致残。
Acute intoxication with cannabis clearly produces cognitive impairment, but it is less clear how long cognitive deficits persist after an individual stops regular cannabis use. Numerous methodologic difficulties confront investigators in the field attempting to assess the residual neuropsychologic effects of cannabis among heavy users, and these must be understood to properly evaluate available studies. At present, it appears safe to conclude that deficits in attention and memory persist for at least several days after discontinuing regular heavy cannabis use. Some of these deficits may be caused or exacerbated by withdrawal effects from the abrupt discontinuation of cannabis; these effects typically peak after 3 to 7 days of abstinence. It is less clear, however, whether heavy cannabis use can cause neurotoxicity that persists long after discontinuation of use. It seems likely that such long-term effects, if they exist, are subtle and not clinically disabling--at least in the majority of cases.