Cooperation, but not competition, improves 4-year-old children's reasoning about others' diverse desires
Cooperation, but not competition, improves 4-year-old children's reasoning about others' diverse desires
复制标题
合作而非竞争可以提高 4 岁儿童对他人不同愿望的推理能力
DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2016.12.010
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Shen, Mowei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin, Xinyi;Li, Pengchao;Shen, Mowei
三个实验探讨了合作或竞争是否影响4岁儿童在礼物选择任务中对他人的愿望的推理，这些愿望与他们自己的愿望不同。实验1（N = 72）发现，儿童的表现，在选择一个成年人喜欢的礼物，一个成年人的实验者增强了一个短的时间内，以前的合作，但没有竞争力或个人主义，发挥与实验者。实验2（N = 24）排除了儿童在比赛后拒绝满足对手的另一种解释。实验3（N = 48）复制的合作优势，在选择一个礼物给别人，表明儿童的理解，不同的愿望，一般提高了合作，而不是竞争。这些发现支持了建构主义的社会发展观，突出了合作的优势。(C)2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Three experiments examined whether cooperation or competition affects 4-year-old children's reasoning about other people's desires which differed from their own in a gift selection task. Experiment 1 (N = 72) found that children's performance in selecting an adult-preferred gift for an adult experimenter was enhanced by a short period of preceding cooperative, but not competitive or individualistic, play with the experimenter. Experiment 2 (N = 24) ruled out the alternative explanation that children resisted satisfying their opponent after competition. Experiment 3 (N = 48) replicated the cooperation advantage in selecting a gift for someone else, indicating that children's understanding of diverse desires was generally improved by cooperation but not competition. These findings support the constructivist view of social development and highlight the advantage of cooperation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.