The functional neuroanatomy of corticotropin-releasing factor.
The functional neuroanatomy of corticotropin-releasing factor.
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DOI：
10.1002/9780470514368.ch2
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发表时间：
2007-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Sawchenko;T. Imaki;Ellen Potter;K. Kovacs;J. Imaki;Wylie W. Vale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Sawchenko;T. Imaki;Ellen Potter;K. Kovacs;J. Imaki;Wylie W. Vale
促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)中枢分布的描述被认为普遍支持这种神经肽参与调节互补的神经内分泌、自主神经和行为应激反应的命题。下丘脑室旁核(PVN)被认为是垂体门静脉血浆CRF的主要来源，小细胞神经分泌神经元CRF基因和肽的表达受肾上腺类固醇激素的负调节和多种应激源的正调节。与后者一致的是，下丘脑室旁核的促垂体区接受丰富的、生物化学分化的传入供应，为内脏、躯体和特殊感觉系统提供接触“CRF神经元”的途径。在下丘脑室旁核内，CRF在催产素能大细胞神经分泌神经元和自主神经相关投射神经元中也有表达和差异调节。CRF在至少一些下丘脑外细胞群(嗅球、巴林顿核)中的表达对某些应激刺激有反应，但对类固醇环境的扰动没有反应。大多数CRF抗血清与由黑色素浓缩激素前体编码的酰胺化二肽发生交叉反应，以及CRF肽表达的某些中心位置可能被CRF结合蛋白(CRF-BP)的存在所抑制或掩盖，这为我们对CRF中心分布的理解提供了改进。CRF-BP主要表达于端脑，与CRF共存的部分神经元和垂体前叶促肾上腺皮质激素细胞。
Descriptions of the central distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) have been taken as generally supporting the proposition that this neuropeptide is involved in the mediation of complementary neuroendocrine, autonomic and behavioural responses to stress. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is recognized as the principal source of CRF in hypophysial portal plasma; CRF mRNA and peptide expression in parvocellular neurosecretory neurons are regulated negatively by adrenal steroids and positively by many stressors. Consistent with the latter, the hypophysiotropic zone of the PVN receives a rich, and biochemically differentiated, afferent supply that provides visceral, somatic and special sensory systems with access to the 'CRF neuron'. Within the PVN, CRF is also expressed, and differentially regulated, in oxytocinergic magnocellular neurosecretory neurons and in autonomic-related projection neurons. CRF expression in at least some extrahypothalamic cell groups (olfactory bulb, Barrington's nucleus) is responsive to certain stressful stimuli, but not to perturbations of the steroid environment. Refinement of our understanding of the central distribution of CRF has been provided by the recognition that most CRF antisera cross-react with an amidated dipeptide encoded by the melanin-concentrating hormone precursor, and by the likelihood that some central sites of CRF peptide expression may be muted or masked by the presence of a CRF-binding protein (CRF-BP). The CRF-BP is expressed prominently in the telencephalon, where it is co-localized with CRF in some neurons, and in anterior pituitary corticotrophs.