Plant Pathogenic Fungi
Plant Pathogenic Fungi
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.funk-0023-2016
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharon, Amir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doehlemann, Gunther;Okmen, Bilal;Sharon, Amir
真菌是植物病害的主要病原体之一。为了在植物中定殖并引起疾病，病原真菌使用多种策略。一些真菌杀死宿主并以死亡物质（死体营养生物）为食，而另一些真菌则在活组织（生物营养生物）中定植。为了成功入侵植物器官，病原菌的发育受到严格调控并形成专门的感染结构。为了进一步定植宿主并引发疾病，真菌病原体会利用大量毒力因子。根据感染策略，毒力因子发挥不同的功能。虽然基本上所有病原体都会干扰植物的初级防御，但坏死营养生物会分泌毒素来杀死植物组织。相比之下，生物营养生物利用效应分子来抑制植物细胞死亡并操纵植物代谢以有利于病原体。本文概述了植物病原真菌物种及其引起疾病的策略。
Fungi are among the dominant causal agents of plant diseases. To colonize plants and cause disease, pathogenic fungi use diverse strategies. Some fungi kill their hosts and feed on dead material (necrotrophs), while others colonize the living tissue (biotrophs). For successful invasion of plant organs, pathogenic development is tightly regulated and specialized infection structures are formed. To further colonize hosts and establish disease, fungal pathogens deploy a plethora of virulence factors. Depending on the infection strategy, virulence factors perform different functions. While basically all pathogens interfere with primary plant defense, necrotrophs secrete toxins to kill plant tissue. In contrast, biotrophs utilize effector molecules to suppress plant cell death and manipulate plant metabolism in favor of the pathogen. This article provides an overview of plant pathogenic fungal species and the strategies they use to cause disease.