Evolutionary radiation pattern of novel protein phosphatases revealed by analysis of protein data from the completely sequenced genomes of humans, green algae, and higher plants
Evolutionary radiation pattern of novel protein phosphatases revealed by analysis of protein data from the completely sequenced genomes of humans, green algae, and higher plants
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.107.111393
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Moorhead, Greg B. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerk, David;Templeton, George;Moorhead, Greg B. G.
除了主要的丝氨酸/苏氨酸特异性磷酸化蛋白磷酸酶、Mg2+依赖性磷酸化蛋白磷酸酶和蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶家族外，还有一些新的蛋白磷酸酶，包括以天冬氨酸为基础的催化酶和蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶亚家族，它们的进化历史和在植物中的代表性尚不清楚。我们检索了高等植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）和水稻（Oryza sativa）完成的核基因组编码的蛋白质数据集，以及来自毛杨（Populus trichocarpa）和绿藻衣藻（Chlamydomonas reinhardtii）和牛油Ostreococcus tauri的最新草案数据集，以寻找几种新型蛋白磷酸酶的同源物。拟南芥蛋白与先前发表的数据相结合，提供了该生物中已知类型蛋白磷酸酶的完整清单。这些蛋白质的系统发育分析揭示了一种进化模式，即在真核生物历史的早期存在多种蛋白质磷酸酶，植物和动物进化的分裂导致两种不同的蛋白质磷酸酶。绿藻处于中间位置，根据蛋白质的不同，它与植物和动物都有相似之处。特别令人感兴趣的是缺乏细胞分裂周期（CDC）磷酸酶CDC25和CDC14，以及CDC14在高等植物中作为蛋白质相互作用域的适应性。此外，高等植物中含有RNA聚合酶c末端结构域磷酸酶样催化结构域的蛋白质急剧增加。对拟南芥在植物中差异扩增的磷酸酶基因（特别是c端结构域磷酸酶样磷酸酶）的表达分析显示，组织特异性表达模式具有统计学意义，编码推测的信号转导蛋白的相关基因数量显著。
In addition to the major serine/threonine-specific phosphoprotein phosphatase, Mg2+-dependent phosphoprotein phosphatase, and protein tyrosine phosphatase families, there are novel protein phosphatases, including enzymes with aspartic acid-based catalysis and subfamilies of protein tyrosine phosphatases, whose evolutionary history and representation in plants is poorly characterized. We have searched the protein data sets encoded by the well-finished nuclear genomes of the higher plants Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and Oryza sativa, and the latest draft data sets from the tree Populus trichocarpa and the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Ostreococcus tauri, for homologs to several classes of novel protein phosphatases. The Arabidopsis proteins, in combination with previously published data, provide a complete inventory of known types of protein phosphatases in this organism. Phylogenetic analysis of these proteins reveals a pattern of evolution where a diverse set of protein phosphatases was present early in the history of eukaryotes, and the division of plant and animal evolution resulted in two distinct sets of protein phosphatases. The green algae occupy an intermediate position, and show similarity to both plants and animals, depending on the protein. Of specific interest are the lack of cell division cycle (CDC) phosphatases CDC25 and CDC14, and the seeming adaptation of CDC14 as a protein interaction domain in higher plants. In addition, there is a dramatic increase in proteins containing RNA polymerase C-terminal domain phosphatase-like catalytic domains in the higher plants. Expression analysis of Arabidopsis phosphatase genes differentially amplified in plants (specifically the C-terminal domain phosphatase-like phosphatases) shows patterns of tissue-specific expression with a statistically significant number of correlated genes encoding putative signal transduction proteins.