Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean
Database of nitrification and nitrifiers in the global ocean
复制标题
全球海洋硝化作用和硝化菌数据库
DOI：
10.5194/essd-15-5039-2023
复制
发表时间：
2023-11
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Weiyi Tang;B. Ward;Michael Beman;Laura Bristow;Darren Clark;Sarah Fawcett;C. Frey;François Fripiat;G. Herndl;Mhlangabezi Mdutyana;F. Paulot;Xuefeng Peng;A. Santoro;T. Shiozaki;E. Sintes;Charles Stock;Xin Sun;X. Wan;Min N. Xu;Yao Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiyi Tang;B. Ward;Michael Beman;Laura Bristow;Darren Clark;Sarah Fawcett;C. Frey;François Fripiat;G. Herndl;Mhlangabezi Mdutyana;F. Paulot;Xuefeng Peng;A. Santoro;T. Shiozaki;E. Sintes;Charles Stock;Xin Sun;X. Wan;Min N. Xu;Yao Zhang
抽象的。硝化作用（氨氧化和亚硝酸盐氧化）是海洋氮循环中的关键生态地球化学途径，它将氮的还原态--铵-氨（NH 4 +-NH3）-转化为氧化态的亚硝酸盐（NO2-）和硝酸盐（NO3-）。在海洋中，这些过程主要由氨氧化古菌（AOA）和细菌（AOB）以及亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）完成。硝化作用通过改变氮的形态和提供脱氮的基质，影响微生物群落结构、海洋生产力（包括化能自养固碳）以及产生一种强大的温室气体一氧化二氮（N2 O）。假设硝化作用受温度、氧气、光照、基质浓度、基质通量、pH值和其他环境因素的调节。虽然在过去几十年中，来自不同海洋区域的实地观测数量大大增加，但缺乏全球综合，并且了解环境因素如何控制硝化作用仍然难以捉摸。因此，我们从已发表的文献和未发表的数据集编制了一个全球海洋硝化速率和硝化菌丰度的数据库。该数据库包括氨氧化和亚硝酸盐氧化速率的2393和1006个测量值以及氨氧化剂和亚硝酸盐氧化剂的2242和631个定量。这个社区的努力证实和提高我们的理解的硝化和硝化菌的空间分布和相应的驱动程序，如控制硝化速率和硝化菌丰度的底物浓度的重要作用。也揭示了一些难题，包括不一致的观察光限制和高速率的亚硝酸盐氧化缺氧沃茨报告。该数据库可用于约束海洋硝化作用的分布，评估和改进硝化作用的生物地球化学模型，并量化硝化作用对海洋生产力和N2 O产生等生态系统功能的影响。该数据库还设置了与未来观测进行比较的基线，并指导未来的勘探（例如，（c）在印度洋等采样率低的区域进行测量以及方法比较和/或标准化）。该数据库在Zenodo存储库：https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8355912（Tang et al. 2023年）。
Abstract. As a key biogeochemical pathway in the marine nitrogen cycle, nitrification (ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation) converts the most reduced form of nitrogen – ammonium–ammonia (NH4+–NH3) – into the oxidized species nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-). In the ocean, these processes are mainly performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). By transforming nitrogen speciation and providing substrates for nitrogen removal, nitrification affects microbial community structure; marine productivity (including chemoautotrophic carbon fixation); and the production of a powerful greenhouse gas, nitrous oxide (N2O). Nitrification is hypothesized to be regulated by temperature, oxygen, light, substrate concentration, substrate flux, pH and other environmental factors. Although the number of field observations from various oceanic regions has increased considerably over the last few decades, a global synthesis is lacking, and understanding how environmental factors control nitrification remains elusive. Therefore, we have compiled a database of nitrification rates and nitrifier abundance in the global ocean from published literature and unpublished datasets. This database includes 2393 and 1006 measurements of ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation rates and 2242 and 631 quantifications of ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers, respectively. This community effort confirms and enhances our understanding of the spatial distribution of nitrification and nitrifiers and their corresponding drivers such as the important role of substrate concentration in controlling nitrification rates and nitrifier abundance. Some conundrums are also revealed, including the inconsistent observations of light limitation and high rates of nitrite oxidation reported from anoxic waters. This database can be used to constrain the distribution of marine nitrification, to evaluate and improve biogeochemical models of nitrification, and to quantify the impact of nitrification on ecosystem functions like marine productivity and N2O production. This database additionally sets a baseline for comparison with future observations and guides future exploration (e.g., measurements in the poorly sampled regions such as the Indian Ocean and method comparison and/or standardization). The database is publicly available at the Zenodo repository: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8355912 (Tang et al., 2023).