Of great tits and fleas: Sleep baby sleep ...
Of great tits and fleas: Sleep baby sleep ...
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DOI：
10.1006/anbe.1996.0256
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Oppliger, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christe, P;Richner, H;Oppliger, A
许多鸟类寄生虫降低了宿主的适应性，因此，抗寄生虫的行为，如梳理和巢穴卫生已经进化。这些活动是耗时的，并且在白天，直接与用于觅食和向雏鸟提供食物的时间竞争。此外，受感染的宿主可能必须分配额外的时间来觅食，以补偿外寄生虫对雏鸟和父母造成的能量损失。另外，育雏的女性可以牺牲睡眠，分配更多的时间来整理和巢卫生在夜间。如果睡眠具有短期恢复功能，那么可以预期睡眠剥夺的雌性的进食效率会降低。在这项研究中，吸血体外寄生虫，母鸡跳蚤，在白天和晚上繁殖雌性大山雀的活动预算的影响进行了实验研究。分配给巢卫生的时间仅略有增加，从0.6%的白天在无外寄生虫的巢到2.8%的白天在受感染的巢，从而证明了更高的优先级给予食物供应比寄生虫控制。在受感染的巢穴中的女性减少了他们的睡眠时间显着（73.5%的夜间无寄生虫的巢与48.1%的受感染的巢）。从睡眠时间的减少释放的时间主要用于巢卫生（8.3%的夜间无寄生虫巢与27.1%的感染巢）。尽管这种强烈的睡眠时间减少，外寄生虫对雌性向雏鸟提供食物的速率没有影响。(C)1996年动物行为研究协会
Many bird parasites reduce their hosts' fitness and, as a consequence, anti-parasite behaviour such as preening and nest sanitation has evolved. These activities are time consuming and, during the day, compete directly with time devoted to foraging and food provisioning to nestlings. Moreover, infested hosts may have to allocate extra time to foraging in order to compensate for the energy loss that ectoparasites impose on the nestlings and parents. Alternatively, brooding females could, at the expense of sleeping, allocate more time to preening and nest sanitation at night. If sleeping has a short-term restoring function, one may then expect a reduction in feeding efficiency of sleep-deprived females. In this study, the effect of a haematophagous ectoparasite, the hen flea, on the activity budgets of breeding female great tits during the day and at night was investigated experimentally. Time allocated to nest sanitation increased only slightly from 0.6 % of daytime in ectoparasite-free nests to 2.8% of daytime in infested nests, thus demonstrating the higher priority given to food provisioning than parasite control. Females in infested nests reduced their sleeping time significantly (73.5% of night-time in parasite-free nests versus 48.1% in infested nests). The time freed from the reduction of sleeping time was mainly used for nest sanitation (8.3% of night-time in parasite-free nests versus 27.1% in infested nests). Despite this strong decrease in sleeping time, there was no effect of ectoparasites on the females' rate of food provisioning to nestlings. (C) 1996 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour