Characterizing Rabies Epidemiology in Remote Inuit Communities in Qu,bec, Canada: A "One Health" Approach
Characterizing Rabies Epidemiology in Remote Inuit Communities in Qu,bec, Canada: A "One Health" Approach
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DOI：
10.1007/s10393-014-0923-1
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Belanger, Denise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aenishaenslin, Cecile;Simon, Audrey;Belanger, Denise
狂犬病在整个北极地区流行，包括位于加拿大魁北克省北纬55度的努纳维克地区，并引起了公众健康问题。本文的目的是提供一个描述性的概述的时间和区域分布的三个重要组成部分的北极狂犬病在努纳维克从1999年至2012年，遵循“一个健康”的方法：动物狂犬病测试和确诊病例，狗接种疫苗，和人类咨询潜在的狂犬病暴露。在此期间，确认了44例动物狂犬病病例，主要涉及北极狐和红狐。每1 000名居民中接种疫苗的狗的平均数量差异很大，哈德逊地区低于昂加瓦地区。分析了112例潜在狂犬病暴露咨询，其中24例暴露于实验室确认的狂犬病动物。10岁以下儿童是最常接触的年龄组。潜在暴露与暴露后预防性给药之间的中位时间为4天。这项研究证实，人类在努纳维克暴露于狂犬病动物的风险是存在的，并强调需要遵循“一个健康”的方法，以防止在世界各地类似的情况下人类狂犬病。
Rabies is endemic throughout arctic areas including the region of Nunavik, situated north of the 55th parallel of Qu,bec, Canada, and raises public health concerns. The aim of this paper is to provide a descriptive overview of the temporal and regional distributions of three important components of arctic rabies in Nunavik from 1999 to 2012, following a "One Health" approach: animal rabies tests and confirmed cases, dog vaccination, and human consultations for potential rabies exposures. Forty-four cases of rabies, involving mainly arctic and red foxes, were confirmed in animals during this period. The mean number of dogs vaccinated per 1,000 inhabitants was highly variable and lower in the Hudson region than the Ungava region. 112 consultations for potential rabies exposure were analyzed, of which 24 were exposure to a laboratory confirmed rabid animal. Children less than 10 years of age were the age group most commonly exposed. The median time between potential exposure and administration of the first post-exposure prophylaxis dose was four days. This study confirms that the risk of human exposure to rabid animals in Nunavik is present and underlines the need to follow a "One Health" approach to prevent rabies in humans in similar contexts worldwide.