'Living with' air pollution in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire): a study of risk culture and silent suffering in three occupational areas
'Living with' air pollution in Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire): a study of risk culture and silent suffering in three occupational areas
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DOI：
10.1080/13698575.2020.1721443
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Liousse, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becerra, Sylvia;Belland, Marie;Liousse, Catherine
环境空气污染目前是非洲大陆许多城市地区的一大环境健康危害。在城市人类活动日益集中的推动下，职业暴露是疾病负担的主要风险因素之一。因此，“生活在”空气污染中是一个重大的日常生活公共健康问题。在这项研究中，我们集中在科特迪瓦阿比让的三个特定职业场所，代表不同的主要污染源-道路交通、木材火灾和垃圾焚烧火灾。我们特别探讨了长期暴露在空气污染中的人的社会经历，以及不同职业来源的健康风险分布。我们评估了员工“风险文化”的特征，研究了这种文化是否会因参与者的职业而异，以及它如何影响他们的暴露。我们的分析结合了对空气污染的“风险文化”的定性评估和风险文化指标(RCI)的开发。我们首先表明，每组的工作条件和职业实践形成了空气污染的具体表示，在RCI分数中表示的不同程度和对风险的理解的重点。我们还表明，每个群体的职业地位在减少暴露于空气污染方面发挥着作用，社会经济上最脆弱的人仍然是最容易受到污染的人。最后，研究结果表明，风险文化是空气污染和日常生活中遇到的其他风险的有形体验、塑造这种体验的技术中介(物体和设备)以及现有权力关系的组合。这些对风险文化的考虑应被视为健康风险评估的一个组成部分。
Ambient air pollution is currently a major environmental health hazard in many urban areas across the African continent. Driven by the increased concentration of human activities in cities, occupational exposure represents one of the main risk factors to disease burden. Consequently, 'living with' air pollution is a significant daily life public health issue. In this study, we focus on three specific occupational sites in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, representing different major pollution sources - road traffic, wood fires and waste-burning fires. We explore in particular the social experiences of people exposed to chronic air pollution as well as the distribution of health risks across different occupational sources. We assessed the characterization of the 'risk culture' of workers, studying if it varies according to participants' occupations and how it influenced their exposure. Our analysis combines a qualitative assessment of the 'risk culture' of air pollution with the development of a Risk Culture Indicator (RCI). We show firstly that the working conditions and occupational practices in each group shape specific representations of air pollution, varying levels and emphasis within understandings of risk as represented within the RCI scores. We also demonstrate that occupational status in each group plays a role in reducing exposure to air pollution, with those most vulnerable socio-economically remaining the most exposed. Finally, the findings suggest that risk culture is the combination of a tangible experience of air pollution and other risks encountered in daily life, technical mediations shaping that experience (objects and equipment), as well as existing power relationships. These considerations of risk culture should be considered as an integral part in assessment of health risks.