Comparative phylogeography of West African amphibians and reptiles
Comparative phylogeography of West African amphibians and reptiles
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.13941
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发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
A. Leaché;Jamie R. Oaks;Caleb OFORI-BOATENG;M. Fujita
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Leaché;Jamie R. Oaks;Caleb OFORI-BOATENG;M. Fujita
比较地理学研究通常支持具有相似生活史和栖息地专门化的共同分布物种的共同分歧时间。在全新世晚期，西非经历了干旱化和雨林栖息地转变为稀树草原。这些支离破碎的热带雨林孕育着数量惊人的特有物种和濒危物种。在这种情况下，共同分布的热带雨林物种的种群预计将同时分化，而适应稀树草原和森林边缘栖息地的物种的分化事件应该是不存在的或特殊的。我们对共享的进化事件进行了贝叶斯分析，以测试分布在达荷美峡谷的20种无尾类（青蛙）和有鳞类（蜥蜴和蛇）的种群分化模型，达荷美峡谷是一个气候变化引起的稀树草原屏障，负责将加纳以前连续的热带雨林分成两个地区：多哥-沃尔特山和西南森林。异步多样化的模型支持无尾两栖类和有鳞类，这表明多样化的驱动因素并不具体相关的生态和生活史协会与生境类型。相反，这些物种所表现出的遗传分化历史的广泛变化表明，在这一地区的生物多样性已经形成的多样化事件，超越全新世。系谱分歧指数，由于遗传隔离和基因流的综合影响，种群之间的遗传分歧的措施，比较表明，这些人口代表了一个广泛的采样的物种形成连续体。
Comparative phylogeographic studies often support shared divergence times for co‐distributed species with similar life histories and habitat specializations. During the late Holocene, West Africa experienced aridification and the turnover of rain forest habitats into savannas. These fragmented rain forests harbor impressive numbers of endemic and threatened species. In this setting, populations of co‐distributed rain forest species are expected to have diverged simultaneously, whereas divergence events for species adapted to savanna and forest‐edge habitats should be absent or idiosyncratic. We conducted a Bayesian analysis of shared evolutionary events to test models of population divergence for 20 species of anurans (frogs) and squamates (lizards and snakes) that are distributed across the Dahomey Gap, a climate change‐induced savanna barrier responsible for fragmenting previously contiguous rain forests of Ghana into two regions: the Togo‐Volta Hills and the Southwestern Forests. A model of asynchronous diversification is supported for anurans and squamates, suggesting that drivers of diversification are not specifically related to ecological and life history associations with habitat types. Instead, the wide variability of genetic divergence histories exhibited by these species suggests that biodiversity in this region has been shaped by diversification events that extend beyond the Holocene. Comparisons of the genealogical divergence index, a measure of the genetic divergence between populations due to the combined effects of genetic isolation and gene flow, illustrate that these populations represent a broad sampling of the speciation continuum.