A Markov chain analysis of fish movements to determine entrainment zones
A Markov chain analysis of fish movements to determine entrainment zones
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fishres.2004.06.007
复制
发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Giorgi, AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, GE;Hedgepeth, JB;Giorgi, AE
鱼可能会被夹带在取水地点，例如鱼旁路、水力发电涡轮机和发电厂冷却水进水口。因此，由于需要保护鱼类免受伤害或死亡，渔业管理者和设施经营者通常对鱼类夹带区（FEZ）的大小感兴趣。这项研究开发了一种绘制 FEZ 地图的新技术，此处定义为紧邻门户上游的区域，其中鱼类向门户移动的概率大于 90%。为了绘制 FEZ 地图，我们对主动鱼类跟踪声纳收集的鱼类运动数据应用了马尔可夫链分析。该声纳设备锁定并跟踪鱼类目标，通过一组包含采样体积的体积单元记录它们的位置。根据鱼的位置数据计算鱼从一个单元移动到另一个单元的概率。这些概率用于填充马尔可夫转移矩阵。 2000 年，我们利用哥伦比亚河达尔斯大坝冰/垃圾泄洪道附近鲑鱼小鲑鱼洄游的数据开发并应用了该技术。水闸入口的有限元区：按此程序确定，宽约 5 m，从表层坝面延伸 6-8 m，深 2-3 m。总之，利用鱼类运动数据的马尔可夫链分析，我们能够描述和量化达尔斯大坝泄洪道的有限元区。该马尔可夫链分析可用于比较前后研究，以观察工程结构引起的 FEZ 变化。该技术通常适用于旨在保护受取水影响的鱼类种群的生物工程工作。 (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Fish can become entrained at water withdrawal locations such as fish bypasses, hydroelectric turbines, and power plant cooling water intakes. Accordingly, the size of a fish entrainment zone (FEZ) is often of interest to fisheries managers and facility operators because of the need to protect fish from injury or mortality. This study developed a new technique to map the FEZ, defined here as the region immediately upstream of a portal where the probability of fish movement toward the portal is greater than 90%. To map the FEZ, we applied a Markov chain analysis to fish movement data collected with an active fish tracking sonar. This sonar device locked onto and followed fish targets, recording their positions through a set of volumetric cells comprising the sampled volume. The probability of a fish moving from one cell to another was calculated from fish position data. These probabilities were used to populate a Markov transition matrix. In 2000, we developed and applied the technique using data on salmon smolts migrating near the ice/trash sluiceway at The Dalles Dam on the Columbia River. The FEZ of the sluiceway entrance: as determined with this procedure was approximately 5 m across and extended 6-8 m out from the face of the dam in the surface layer 2-3 m deep. In conclusion, using a Markov chain analysis of fish movement data, we were able to describe and quantify the FEZ of the sluiceway at The Dalles dam. This Markov chain analysis could be used in a comparative before/after study to look at changes in FEZ caused by engineered structures. The technique is generally applicable to bio-engineering efforts aimed at protecting fish populations affected by water withdrawals. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.