Microbiome enrichment from contaminated marine sediments unveils novel bacterial strains for petroleum hydrocarbon and heavy metal bioremediation.
Microbiome enrichment from contaminated marine sediments unveils novel bacterial strains for petroleum hydrocarbon and heavy metal bioremediation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120772
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Filippo Dell’Anno;Leonardo Joaquim van Zyl;M. Trindade;Emanuela Buschi;A. Cannavacciuolo;M. Pepi;C. San
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Filippo Dell’Anno;Leonardo Joaquim van Zyl;M. Trindade;Emanuela Buschi;A. Cannavacciuolo;M. Pepi;C. San
石油碳氢化合物和重金属是影响海洋生态系统的一些最广泛的污染物，迫切需要有效和可持续的补救办法。基于微生物的生物修复作为一种有效的、经济的和环境可持续的策略，正获得越来越多的关注。在这里，我们假设面向萨尔诺河口的严重污染的沿海地区每年向海洋排放超过3吨的多环芳烃（PAH）和1500吨的重金属（HMs），拥有独特的微生物群落，包括可用于PAH和HMs生物修复的海洋细菌。因此，我们丰富了海洋沉积物的微生物组，根据环境选择了耐HM的细菌。对富集的混合细菌培养物进行全DNA测序、宏基因组组装基因组（MAG）注释，并进一步传代培养以获得作为纯菌株的主要细菌物种。我们获得了两个新的分离物对应的两个最丰富的MAG（Alcanivoraxxenomutansstrain-SRM 1和Halomonasalkalianticlaviclavin-SRM 2），并测试了他们的能力，降解多环芳烃和去除HM。这两种菌株都表现出高的多环芳烃降解率（60-100%）和HMs去除率（21-100%），我们详细描述了其MAG中的>60个基因，以揭示这种能力的可能遗传基础。对萘、芘和铅的产率最有希望（> 100%）。我们提出这些新的细菌菌株和相关的遗传库，以进一步利用有效的生物修复的海洋环境污染的多环芳烃和HM。
Petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals are some of the most widespread contaminants affecting marine ecosystems, urgently needing effective and sustainable remediation solutions. Microbial-based bioremediation is gaining increasing interest as an effective, economically and environmentally sustainable strategy. Here, we hypothesized that the heavily polluted coastal area facing the Sarno River mouth, which discharges >3 tons of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and ∼15 tons of heavy metals (HMs) into the sea annually, hosts unique microbiomes including marine bacteria useful for PAHs and HMs bioremediation. We thus enriched the microbiome of marine sediments, contextually selecting for HM-resistant bacteria. The enriched mixed bacterial culture was subjected to whole-DNA sequencing, metagenome-assembled-genomes (MAGs) annotation, and further sub-culturing to obtain the major bacterial species as pure strains. We obtained two novel isolates corresponding to the two most abundant MAGs (Alcanivoraxxenomutansstrain-SRM1 and Halomonasalkaliantarcticastrain-SRM2), and tested their ability to degrade PAHs and remove HMs. Both strains exhibited high PAHs degradation (60–100%) and HMs removal (21–100%) yield, and we described in detail >60 genes in their MAGs to unveil the possible genetic basis for such abilities. Most promising yields (∼100%) were obtained towards naphthalene, pyrene and lead. We propose these novel bacterial strains and related genetic repertoire to be further exploited for effective bioremediation of marine environments contaminated with both PAHs and HMs.