Effects of growth temperature and nitrogen nutrition on expression of C3-C4 intermediate traits in Chenopodium album
Effects of growth temperature and nitrogen nutrition on expression of C3-C4 intermediate traits in Chenopodium album
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生长温度和氮素营养对藜C3-C4中间性状表达的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s10265-021-01346-9
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Osamu Ueno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jemin Oono;Yuto Hatakeyama;Takayuki Yabiku;Osamu Ueno
原始Kranz植物代表了从C3到C3-C4中间体到C4植物进化的初始阶段。研究C3-C4植物的生态适应性将为深入理解C3-C4植物的进化提供重要线索。以藜（Chenopodium quinoa，C3）为对照，研究了生长温度和氮素营养对白藜（Chenopodium album，proto-Kranz）C3-C4性状表达的影响。植物在20或30 °C下在标准或低N供应水平（称为20 SN、20 LN、30 SN和30 LN）下生长5周。20 SN和30 SN植株的净光合速率和叶片含氮量高于20 LN和30 LN植株。albumin，但在C.藜麦C.的CO2补偿点（Γ）。白蛋白含量在30 LN植株中最低（36 μmol mol-1），在20 SN植株中最高（51 μmol mol-1），在20 LN和30 SN植株中居中，而C.藜麦在不同生长条件下没有差异（51-52 µmol mol-1）。叶的解剖结构没有受到很大的影响，在这两个物种的生长条件。然而，C. album结果表明，20 LN和30 LN植株的叶肉细胞或维管束鞘细胞的线粒体数量低于20 SN和30 SN植株。免疫组织化学观察表明，甘氨酸脱羧酶P蛋白（GDC-P）在叶肉线粒体中的积累水平低于BS线粒体，是引起C.低氮高温条件下生长的蛋白质植物。这些结果表明，高生长温度和低氮供应导致C.白蛋白通过调控GDC-P表达而发挥作用。
Proto-Kranz plants represent an initial phase in the evolution from C3to C3–C4intermediate to C4plants. The ecological and adaptive aspects of C3–C4plants would provide an important clue to understand the evolution of C3–C4plants. We investigated whether growth temperature and nitrogen (N) nutrition influence the expression of C3–C4traits inChenopodium album(proto-Kranz) in comparison withChenopodium quinoa(C3). Plants were grown during 5 weeks at 20 or 30 °C under standard or low N supply levels (referred to as 20SN, 20LN, 30SN, and 30LN). Net photosynthetic rate and leaf N content were higher in 20SN and 30SN plants than in 20LN and 30LN plants ofC. albumbut did not differ among growth conditions inC. quinoa. The CO2compensation point (Γ) ofC. albumwas lowest in 30LN plants (36 µmol mol–1), highest in 20SN plants (51 µmol mol–1), and intermediate in 20LN and 30SN plants, whereasΓofC. quinoadid not differ among the growth conditions (51–52 µmol mol–1). The anatomical structure of leaves was not considerably affected by growth conditions in either species. However, ultrastructural observations inC. albumshowed that the number of mitochondria per mesophyll or bundle sheath (BS) cell was lower in 20LN and 30LN plants than in 20SN and 30SN plants. Immunohistochemical observations revealed that lower accumulation level of P-protein of glycine decarboxylase (GDC-P) in mesophyll mitochondria than in BS mitochondria is the major factor causing the decrease inΓvalues inC. albumplants grown under low N supply and high temperature. These results suggest that high growth temperature and low N supply lead to the expression of C3–C4traits (the reduction ofΓ) in the proto-Kranz plants ofC. albumthrough the regulation of GDC-P expression.