Nonnative plant response to silvicultural treatments: a model based on disturbance, propagule pressure, and competitive abilities.
Nonnative plant response to silvicultural treatments: a model based on disturbance, propagule pressure, and competitive abilities.
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非本地植物对造林处理的反应：基于干扰、繁殖压力和竞争能力的模型。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cara R. Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sutherland;Cara R. Nelson
外来植物的入侵会对当地森林生态系统的功能造成严重的不利影响，包括养分循环和火灾制度。因此，森林管理者需要意识到管理活动的潜在影响，包括营林处理对非本地植被的影响。为了帮助这项工作，我们创建了一个关于外来植物对营林栽培处理的潜在反应的概念模型，使用该模型做出了一组一般的预测，并根据科学文献中发表的观察到的反应来测试我们的预测。在总共42项涉及营林处理对外来植物影响的研究中，90%的研究发现至少有一种外来植物在处理后有所增加。所有评估干扰强度对外来植物影响的研究都发现，入侵成功率随着干扰强度或管理条目数量的增加而增加。正如模型所预测的那样，非本地植物对营林处理的反应在物种间和地点间有很大的差异；响应的差异可能是由当地条件驱动的，包括繁殖压力、森林群落状况或当地植物的特征(本地和非本地物种)。由于外来植物的物种和位置的特定变化取决于当地的条件，因此当地的知识对于预测入侵潜力是重要的。此外，监测对于及早发现采后外来植物的入侵和/或扩张是必不可少的。
Invasion by nonnative plants can result in substantial adverse effects on the functions of native forest ecosystems, including nutrient cycling and fire regimes. Thus, forest managers need to be aware of the potential impacts of management activities, including silvicultural treatments, on nonnative vegetation. To aid in that effort, we created a conceptual model of potential responses of nonnative plants to silvicultural treatments, used the model to make a general set of predictions, and tested our predictions against observed responses published in the scientific literature. Of a total of 42 studies that addressed the effects of silvicultural treatments on nonnative plants, 90% found a posttreatment increase in at least one nonnative plant species. All of the studies that assessed the effect of disturbance intensity on nonnative plants found that invasion success increased with increasing disturbance intensity or number of management entries. As predicted by the model, there was substantial among-species and among-site variation in nonnative plant responses to silvicultural treatments; variation in responses were probably driven by local conditions including propagule pressure, condition of the forest community, or characteristics of the local flora (native and nonnative species). Because species- and location-specific changes in nonnative plants are dependent on local conditions, local knowledge is important for predicting invasion potential. In addition, monitoring is essential for early detection of postharvest invasions and/or expansions of nonnative plants.