Challenges with up-scaling dry sanitation technologies
Challenges with up-scaling dry sanitation technologies
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DOI：
10.2166/wst.2008.606
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Foxon, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhagwan, J. N.;Still, D.;Foxon, K.
为了实现南非政府到2010年完全消除现有积压的目标，加速提供卫生设施，导致活动激增。作为确保提供基本卫生设施的战略的一部分，该政策建议将通风的改良坑式厕所视为卫生技术形式的基本最低要求。卫生设施的扩大和提供（在许多情况下以vip及其衍生物的形式）以及尿液转移技术开始构成许多技术挑战。它们所依据的原则在实践中并不总是得到遵守。因此，一些系统填满的速度比预期快得多。研究发现，在厌氧反应器中，粪便的分解并没有像预期的那样发生，而且在潮湿的条件下，即使使用干燥剂，粪便的干燥也不是最佳的。这些在实地出现的问题将对提供卫生设施的可持续性产生长期影响。本文旨在分享这些经验和研究成果，以及它们可能对卫生千年发展目标产生的影响。
The acceleration of sanitation delivery towards meeting the South African Government's target of completely eradicating the existing backlogs by 2010, has led to a surge of activities. As part of its strategy for ensuring that basic sanitation is provided, the policy has recommended that a ventilated improved pit latrine ( VIP) is considered as the basic minimum requirement in the form of a sanitation technology. The up-scaling and delivering of sanitation in many cases in the form of VIPs and its derivatives, as well as urine diversion technology are beginning to pose many technical challenges. The principles on which they have been designed are not always being observed in practice. As a result, some systems are filling up much faster than expected. Research has found that the breakdown in the faeces is not happening as would be expected in an anaerobic reactor, and that the drying of faeces in humid conditions, even with the use of drying agents, is not optimum. These problems, which are being experienced in the field, will have long term repercussions on the sustainability of sanitation provision. This paper aims to share these experiences and findings of research, and the impact it may have on the Sanitation MDG goals.