Combinatorial Motor Training Results in Functional Reorganization of Remaining Motor Cortex after Controlled Cortical Impact in Rats
Combinatorial Motor Training Results in Functional Reorganization of Remaining Motor Cortex after Controlled Cortical Impact in Rats
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DOI：
10.1089/neu.2015.4136
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发表时间：
2016-04-15
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Adkins, DeAnna L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Combs, Hannah L.;Jones, Theresa A.;Adkins, DeAnna L.
脑卒中后运动康复训练（RT）后的皮层重组已在动物模型和人类中得到广泛研究。然而，类似的研究集中在创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后的运动训练的影响是缺乏的。我们以前报道过，成年雄性大鼠中度/重度TBI后，前肢使用功能的改善仅通过熟练的前肢伸展训练和有氧运动的组合来完成，有或没有未受损的前肢约束。因此，本研究旨在研究实验性TBI后功能性运动皮层地图重组与这种组合康复方案所导致的行为改善之间的关系。训练成年雄性大鼠熟练完成一项熟练的伸手任务，在前肢尾侧运动皮质（CMC）区域接受单侧控制性皮质撞击（CCI）。CCI后3天，动物开始RT（n = 13）或无康复训练（NoRT）对照程序（n = 13）。RT组参加日常技能伸展训练，自愿有氧运动，和非受损前肢约束。这种RT方案显着改善受损的前肢达到成功和正常化的达到策略，与以前的研究结果一致。RT还扩大了运动皮层手腕代表性，来自皮质内微刺激，相比NoRT。这些发现表明，足够的RT可以大大改善运动功能，并改善中/重度CCI后剩余运动皮层的功能完整性。当与中风模型的结果相比时，这些结果还表明，可能需要更强烈的RT来改善TBI后的运动功能和重塑受损的皮层。
Cortical reorganization subsequent to post-stroke motor rehabilitative training (RT) has been extensively examined in animal models and humans. However, similar studies focused on the effects of motor training after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are lacking. We previously reported that after a moderate/severe TBI in adult male rats, functional improvements in forelimb use were accomplished only with a combination of skilled forelimb reach training and aerobic exercise, with or without nonimpaired forelimb constraint. Thus, the current study was designed to examine the relationship between functional motor cortical map reorganization after experimental TBI and the behavioral improvements resulting from this combinatorial rehabilitative regime. Adult male rats were trained to proficiency on a skilled reaching task, received a unilateral controlled cortical impact (CCI) over the forelimb area of the caudal motor cortex (CMC). Three days post-CCI, animals began RT (n = 13) or no rehabilitative training (NoRT) control procedures (n = 13). The RT group participated in daily skilled reach training, voluntary aerobic exercise, and nonimpaired forelimb constraint. This RT regimen significantly improved impaired forelimb reaching success and normalized reaching strategies, consistent with previous findings. RT also enlarged the area of motor cortical wrist representation, derived by intracortical microstimulation, compared to NoRT. These findings indicate that sufficient RT can greatly improve motor function and improve the functional integrity of remaining motor cortex after a moderate/severe CCI. When compared with findings from stroke models, these findings also suggest that more intense RT may be needed to improve motor function and remodel the injured cortex after TBI.