Vitamin D effects on lung immunity and respiratory diseases.
Vitamin D effects on lung immunity and respiratory diseases.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-386960-9.00009-5
复制
发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Monick, Martha M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hansdottir, Sif;Monick, Martha M.
近年来，我们对维生素D代谢和生物效应的理解呈指数级增长，维生素D具有广泛的免疫调节作用已经变得很清楚。活性维生素D生成酶1α-羟化酶在气道上皮、肺泡巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和淋巴细胞中表达，表明活性维生素D可以在肺内局部产生。组织中产生的维生素D负责维生素D的许多免疫调节作用。维生素D在肺部的作用包括增加抗菌肽cathelicidin的分泌，减少趋化因子的产生，抑制树突状细胞的活化和改变T细胞的活化。这些细胞效应对于宿主抵抗感染和过敏性肺部疾病（如哮喘）的发展非常重要。流行病学研究确实表明，缺乏维生素D易患病毒性呼吸道感染和分枝杆菌感染，维生素D可能在哮喘的发生和治疗中发挥作用。目前缺乏随机对照试验，但仍在进行中。
Our understanding of vitamin D metabolism and biological effects has grown exponentially in recent years and it has become clear that vitamin D has extensive immunomodulatory effects. The active vitamin D generating enzyme, 1α-hydroxylase, is expressed by the airway epithelium, alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes indicating that active vitamin D can be produced locally within the lungs. Vitamin D generated in tissues is responsible for many of the immunomodulatory actions of vitamin D. The effects of vitamin D within the lungs include increased secretion of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin, decreased chemokine production, inhibition of dendritic cell activation and alteration of T cell activation. These cellular effects are important for host responses against infection and the development of allergic lung diseases like asthma. Epidemiological studies do suggest that vitamin D deficiency predisposes to viral respiratory tract infections and mycobacterial infections and that vitamin D may play a role in the development and treatment of asthma. Randomized, placebo controlled trials are lacking but ongoing.