Necessity of Eigenstate Thermalization
Necessity of Eigenstate Thermalization
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.115.220401
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发表时间：
2015-11-24
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Cramer, Marcus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Palma, Giacomo;Serafini, Alessio;Cramer, Marcus
根据本征态热化假说 (ETH)，量子淬灭系统向规范的热系综平衡。虽然乍一看 ETH 似乎是一个非常有力的假设，但我们证明它确实不仅是热化的充分条件，而且是热化所必需的。更具体地说，我们考虑与具有明确宏观温度的浴耦合的系统，并表明只要所有产品状态热化，ETH 就必须保持不变。我们的结果最终解决了确定量子系统是否具有热行为的问题，将其简化为检查其哈密顿量是否满足 ETH。
Under the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), quantum-quenched systems equilibrate towards canonical, thermal ensembles. While at first glance the ETH might seem a very strong hypothesis, we show that it is indeed not only sufficient but also necessary for thermalization. More specifically, we consider systems coupled to baths with well-defined macroscopic temperature and show that whenever all product states thermalize then the ETH must hold. Our result definitively settles the question of determining whether a quantum system has a thermal behavior, reducing it to checking whether its Hamiltonian satisfies the ETH.